an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

2-iminoacetate

4'-phosphopantetheine

H₂O

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

shikimate

prephenate

CO₂

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

phosphocholine

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

coproporphyrinogen III

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

carbamoyl phosphate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

dimethylamine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

glycolate

2-phosphoglycolate

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

indole-3-glycol

2-methylbutanal

2-methylbutanol

isobutanol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

5-hydroxytryptophol

3-methylbutanal

3-methylbutanol

2-phenylethanol

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

isochorismate

glycerone phosphate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

oxaloacetate

autoinducer 2

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

O-acetyl-L-serine

glutathione disulfide

hydrogen selenide

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2-dehydropantoate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde

propynoate

prop-2-ynal

dimethylsulfoniopropanoate

4-acetamidobutanoate

4-acetamidobutanal

4-imidazoleacetate

imidazole acetaldehyde

5-hydroxyindole acetate

D-glucurono-6,3-lactone

GMP-N-ε-(N-α-acetyl lysine methyl ester) 5'-phosphoramidate

DNA without lesion

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

dihydroxyacetone

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

gallate

digallate

H₂

citrate

oxalosuccinate

xanthine

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

hydrogen peroxide

thiamine diphosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

ammonia

5-hydroxyindole thiazolidine carboxylate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

quinolinate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

L-arginino-succinate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

nicotinate

nicotinamide

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

all-trans-retinal

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal

FAD

FADH₂

FMN

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

coenzyme A

preQ₀

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

2-octaprenylphenol

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoheme

adenosylcobyrate

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

DNA with lesion

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine amide

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-alanine

L-proline

L-glutamine

L-serine

L-leucine

glycine

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-glutamate

D-glutamate

β-alanine

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

L-citrulline

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-tryptophan

L-aspartate

L-asparagine

L-phenylalanine

L-methionine

L-tyrosine

L-cysteine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-homocysteine

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

L-ornithine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-selenocysteine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N⁶,N⁶-dimethyl-L-arginine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-α-acetyl lysine methyl ester

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

D-alanine

D-aspartate

4-methylphenol

hippurate

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

ATP

ADP

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

5'-deoxyadenosine

GDP

GMP

XMP

IMP

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

dATP

GTP

dGTP

adenylo-succinate

dGDP

dADP

AMP

hypoxanthine

pppGpp

ppGpp

CDP-choline

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

ADP-D-ribose

GDP-α-D-mannose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

inosine

adenosine

xanthosine

guanosine

cytidine

uridine

preQ₁

uracil

adenine

guanine

uridine 3'-monophosphate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

CMP

UMP

dTMP

dUMP

dCMP

UDP

CDP

CTP

UTP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

dTTP

dUTP

dCTP

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

salicylaldehyde

4-tyrosol

urate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

benzoate

indole

(indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

benzaldehyde

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

phenylacetaldehyde

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

vanillyl mandelate

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate

3,4-dihydroxymandelate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

β-carotene 15,15' epoxide

β-carotene

15,15'-dihydroxy-β-carotene

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

geranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

3'-dephospho-CoA

acetyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

D-gluconate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

maltotriose

maltotetraose

sucrose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltoheptaose

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

glycerol

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

L-ascorbate 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesal

(S)-lactaldehyde

acetaldehyde

isobutanal

1-propanal

1-octanal

butan-1-al

phytenal

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

D-glucarate

pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

octanoate

(2E,6E)-farnesoate

acetate

formate

propanoate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

(R)-pantoate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

phytenate

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

(indol-3-yl)acetate

propan-1-ol

phytol

ethanol

butan-1-ol

spermidine

putrescine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

methionol

3-dimethylsulfoniopropionaldehyde

dimethyl sulfide

glutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

Fe³⁺

Cu²⁺

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

Co²⁺

Zn²⁺

ammonium

H⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

hydrogencarbonate

thiosulfate

selenide

sulfate

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate