an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

indole-3-glycol

2-methylbutanal

2-methylbutanol

isobutanol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

5-hydroxytryptophol

3-methylbutanal

3-methylbutanol

2-phenylethanol

acetyl phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

thiamine diphosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

DNA without lesion

oxaloacetate

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

ethanolamine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

estrone 3-sulfate

3-β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one 3-sulfate

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

glutathione disulfide

hydrogen peroxide

D-glucurono-6,3-lactone

5-hydroxyindole acetate

4-imidazoleacetate

imidazole acetaldehyde

4-acetamidobutanoate

4-acetamidobutanal

dimethylsulfoniopropanoate

propynoate

prop-2-ynal

3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde

CDP-glycerol

H₂

5-ureidoimidazole-4-carboxylate

5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylate

4-aminoimidazole

3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

quinolinate

pseudouridine

2-iminoacetate

2-carboxy-L-xylonolactone

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

2-carboxy-L-threo-pentonate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate

dehydroascorbate (bicyclic form)

L-dehydro-ascorbate

3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate

2,3-dioxo-L-gulonate

3-keto-L-gulonate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

autoinducer 2

L-arginino-succinate

phosphite

H₂O

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

glycerone phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

xanthine

2-dehydropantoate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

4'-phosphopantetheine

carbamoyl phosphate

CO₂

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

L-citrulline

L-phenylalanine

L-valine

L-glutamate

L-glutamine

glycine

L-tyrosine

L-leucine

L-threonine

L-methionine

L-cysteine

L-serine

L-asparagine

L-aspartate

L-alanine

L-lysine

L-arginine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-ornithine

meso-diaminopimelate

N-formimino-glycine

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

D-alanine

β-alanine

ppGpp

pppGpp

ITP

dIMP

dITP

XTP

AMP

adenylo-succinate

ADP

ATP

hypoxanthine

IMP

GMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

GDP

GTP

XMP

2'-deoxyinosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

dGDP

dADP

dATP

dGTP

purine

guanine

adenine

thymine

uracil

preQ₁

dTDP

dCDP

dTTP

dUTP

dCTP

dCMP

dTMP

dUMP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

reduced β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

CMP

UMP

UDP

CDP

UTP

CTP

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

UDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

inosine

xanthosine

guanosine

adenosine

thymidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cytidine

uridine

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

guanylyl molybdenum cofactor

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

FAD

FMN

riboflavin

4-tyrosol

4-hydroxybenzoate

urate

6,8-dihydroxypurine

8-hydroxypurine

salicylaldehyde

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

3,4-dihydroxymandelate

3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate

4-methylphenol

salicylate

benzoate

(indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

phenylacetaldehyde

benzaldehyde

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

vanillyl mandelate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

geranyl diphosphate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

isobutanoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

D-gluconate

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

maltotriose

unsaturated gellan tetrasaccharide

4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine

4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl--D-galactosamine 6-sulfate

sucrose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

β-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→3)-D-Glcp

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

D-ribulose

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-galactosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

glycerol

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesal

fluoroacetaldehyde

isobutanal

1-propanal

1-octanal

butan-1-al

acetaldehyde

phytenal

fluoroacetate

acetate

(R)-pantoate

phytenate

octanoate

(2E,6E)-farnesoate

2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

2-oxoglutarate

pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

formate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

chorismate

fumarate

D-glucarate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

nicotinamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

estrone

(indol-3-yl)acetate

3-β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one

propan-1-ol

phytol

ethanol

butan-1-ol

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

methionol

3-dimethylsulfoniopropionaldehyde

dimethyl sulfide

glutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-O-sulfate

hydrogencarbonate

sulfate

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

ammonium

H⁺

Fe²⁺

Cd²⁺

Cu²⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

thiamine

nicotinate

L-ascorbate

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

coenzyme A

preQ₀

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

monodehydroascorbate radical

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

oxygen

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoheme

DNA with lesion

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine