an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

ammonia

aminoacetone

butanoyl phosphate

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

L-arginino-succinate

quinolinate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

autoinducer 2

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

2-iminoacetate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

pseudouridine

2-keto-D-gluconate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-indene-4-carboxylate

(2E)-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]prop-2-enoyl-CoA

5-hydroxy-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate

(1E,2Z)-3-hydroxy-5,9,17-trioxo-4,5:9,10-disecoandrosta-1 (10),2-dien-4-oate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

3-oxopropanoate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

carbon monoxide

3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one

4-aminoimidazole

5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylate

5-ureidoimidazole-4-carboxylate

3-hydroxy-5- oxohexanoyl-CoA

3-hydroxy-5-oxohexanoate

dihydrophloroglucinol

phloroglucinol

pyrogallol

1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene

gallate

carboxynorspermidine

norspermidine

4-guanidinobutyramide

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-oxopropanoyl-CoA

3S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoyl-CoA

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxo-propanoyl-CoA

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

dihydroxyacetone

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

2-dehydro-6-phospho-D-gluconate

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

oxaloacetate

(S)-dihydroorotate

DNA without lesion

ethanolamine

2-dehydropantoate

L-selenocystathionine

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

urea

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

prephenate

thiamine phosphate

acetyl phosphate

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

thiamine diphosphate

hydrogen peroxide

glutathione disulfide

isopentenyl diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

phosphoenolpyruvate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

xanthine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(R)-3-(phenyl)lactoyl-CoA

2-phenylethanol

3-methylbutanol

3-methylbutanal

5-hydroxytryptophol

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

isobutanol

2-methylbutanol

2-methylbutanal

indole-3-glycol

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

glycerone phosphate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

CO₂

carbamoyl phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

H₂

H₂O

hydrogencarbonate

selenide

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

H⁺

ammonium

Fe²⁺

Ca²⁺

Mg²⁺

Cu²⁺

Cd²⁺

Zn²⁺

Co²⁺

methionol

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

glutathione

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

taurine

ferrichrome

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

agmatine

putrescine

spermidine

4-methylphenol

L-homocysteine

(R)-3-(phenyl)lactate

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoserine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerol

butan-1-ol

ethanol

propan-1-ol

phytol

1D-chiro-inositol

scyllo-inositol

myo-inositol

1-keto-D-chiro-inositol

3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione

scyllo-inosose

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

24-hydroxy-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

3,24-dioxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

3-hydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

9α-hydroxyandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

androst-4-ene-3,17-dione

androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

nicotinamide

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

butanoate

5-deoxy-D-glucuronate

D-gluconate

(R)-pantoate

orotate

acetate

L-cysteine

glycine

L-tyrosine

L-glutamine

L-serine

L-threonine

L-asparagine

L-glutamate

L-aspartate

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-phenylalanine

D-aspartate

D-glutamate

D-alanine

D-serine

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-saccharopine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-formimino-glycine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

L-methionine

L-selenocysteine

L-leucine

L-alanine

L-valine

L-proline

L-cystathionine

L-ornithine

L-citrulline

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

chorismate

fumarate

(S)-malate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

formate

pyruvate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

glyoxylate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

trans-cinnamate

4-aminobenzoate

D-glyceraldehyde

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

methylglyoxal

phytenal

butan-1-al

1-propanal

isobutanal

acetaldehyde

phenylacetaldehyde

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

UDP-α-D-galactose

4-phospho-D-erythronate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

GDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-β-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

keto-D-fructose

D-xylulose

maltoheptaose

maltotetraose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

maltotriose

sucrose

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxybutanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxobutanoyl)-CoA

(3S)-hydroxyadipyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyhexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxohexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyoctanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxooctanoyl)-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

3-oxoadipyl-CoA

3-oxohexanoyl-CoA

3-oxooctanoyl-CoA

3-oxodecanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

(E)-cinnamoyl-CoA

geranyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

8-hydroxypurine

6,8-dihydroxypurine

urate

4-tyrosol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

guanine

adenine

purine

hypoxanthine

dIMP

dITP

dGTP

dATP

dADP

dGDP

XTP

ITP

GTP

ATP

ADP

GDP

AMP

XMP

GMP

IMP

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

guanosine

xanthosine

adenosine

inosine

riboflavin

FMN

FAD

FMNH₂

FADH₂

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

dTTP

dCMP

dTDP

uracil

dCTP

CTP

dUTP

UTP

dTMP

dUMP

dCDP

CDP

dUDP

UDP

thymine

CMP

UMP

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

preQ₁

adenylo-succinate

pppGpp

ppGpp

5'-deoxyadenosine

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-iminosuccinate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

DNA with lesion

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoheme

N₂

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

oxygen

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

preQ₀

coenzyme A

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

nicotinate

thiamine

pyridoxine

pyridoxal

pyridoxamine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate