an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

pseudouridine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

autoinducer 2

citrate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

core oligosaccharide-lipid A (E. coli K-12 core type)

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

oxalosuccinate

7-epicholate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate

quinolinate

carbon monoxide

acetoacetate

selenodiglutathione

glutathioselenol

glutathione disulfide

xanthine

acrylamide

acrylate

4-guanidinobutyramide

4-guanidinobutanoate

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

propionamide

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

CDP-glycerol

carboxynorspermidine

norspermidine

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

(R)-pantothenate

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

2-iminoacetate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

DNA without lesion

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

4-prenylphlorisobutyrophenone

3-(O-geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

glutathionylspermidine

histidinal

histidinol

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate

hydrogen peroxide

L-canavanine

L-selenocystathionine

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate

thiamine diphosphate

trimethylamine N-oxide

trimethylamine

ADP-D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

3-dehydroshikimate

shikimate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

acetyl phosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

H₂

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

lipid IV_A

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

4'-phosphopantetheine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

ammonia

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

preuroporphyrinogen

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

5-aminolevulinate

porphobilinogen

coproporphyrinogen III

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

(S)-dihydroorotate

glycerone phosphate

glycolate

hydrogen selenide

O-acetyl-L-serine

2-deoxygluconate

3-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

selenophosphate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

3-phosphooxypyruvate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

prephenate

lipid X

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

thiamine phosphate

pimeloyl-CoA

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

S-adenosyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate

7,8-diaminopelargonate

dethiobiotin

carbamoyl phosphate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

oxaloacetate

prenyl diphosphate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

carbonic acid

CO₂

orotidine 5'-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

H₂O

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

bisorganyltrisulfane

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

urea

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

dimethyl sulfide

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

thiocyanate

glutathione

S-sulfanylglutathione

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

sulfate

molybdate

selenite

selenate

sulfite

selenide

nitrate

nitrite

thiosulfate

hydrogencarbonate

OH^-

hydrogensulfite

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

agmatine

cadaverine

spermidine

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

acetamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

nicotinamide

3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate

3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

3-dehydrocholate

isocholate

glycocholate

cholate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

FMN

FAD

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

molybdopterin

coenzyme A

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

guanylyl molybdenum cofactor

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

nicotinate

riboflavin

thiamine

pyridoxal

pyridoxine

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

menadione

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

molybdopterin adenine dinucleotide

cyclic pyranopterin phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydromonapterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

guanine

adenine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

inosine

guanosine

xanthosine

adenosine

hypoxanthine

dAMP

dGMP

dITP

dGTP

dATP

dIDP

dGDP

dADP

IDP

GDP

ADP

GMP

IMP

XMP

AMP

ITP

GTP

ATP

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

uracil

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

UTP

dUTP

dTDP

dTTP

dCTP

orotate

dUDP

UDP

dCDP

CDP

CTP

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-quinovosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-fucosamine

UDP-N,N'-diacetylbacillosamine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetylbacillosamine

UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-α-D-xylo-hex-4-ulose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

UMP

CMP

isoguanine

preQ₁

(indole-3-yl)acetonitrile

acrylonitrile

preQ₀

hydrogen cyanide

urate

4-hydroxybenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

menadiol

4-methylphenol

4-aminobenzoate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

cis-aconitate

(2R,3S)-2-methylisocitrate

(2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate

cis-2-methylaconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

(R)-lactate

propanoate

acetate

pyruvate

formate

palmitate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

2-oxoglutarate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

L-threonine

glycine

L-asparagine

L-serine

L-glutamine

L-histidine

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-glutamate

L-tryptophan

L-phenylalanine

D-aspartate

D-glutamate

D-alanine

L-saccharopine

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

3-phospho-L-serine

L-citrulline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-ornithine

L-homocysteine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-4-hydroxyglutamate semialdehyde

meso-diaminopimelate

L-selenocysteine

L-methionine

L-proline

L-valine

L-leucine

L-isoleucine

L-alanine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

diacetyl

glycolaldehyde

butan-1-al

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

butan-1-ol

ethanol

methanol

(3R)-linalool

(3S)-linalool

ethylene glycol

myo-inositol

galactinol

D-galactosylononitol

D-ononitol

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

geranyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenol

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

galactosyl-glucosyl-(heptosyl)₃-Kdo₂-lipid A-bisphosphate

galactosyl-(glucosyl)₃-(heptosyl)₃-Kdo₂-lipid A-bisphosphate

galactosyl-(glucosyl)₂-(heptosyl)₃-Kdo₂-lipid A-bisphosphate

glucosyl-(heptosyl)₃-Kdo₂-lipid A-bisphosphate

glucosyl-(heptosyl)₃-Kdo₂-lipid A-phosphate

glucosyl-(heptosyl)₂-Kdo₂-lipid A-phosphate

glucosyl-(heptosyl)₂-Kdo₂-lipid A

(heptosyl)₂-Kdo₂-lipid A

α-D-Kdo-(2→4)-α-D-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid A

heptosyl-Kdo₂-lipid A

α-Kdo-(2->4)-α-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IV_A

heptosyl-Kdo₂-lipid IV_A

phlorisovalerophenone

deoxyhumulone

4-prenylphlorisovalerophenone

deoxycohumulone

sucrose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

β-D-fructofuranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

adenylo-succinate

pppGpp

ppGpp

5'-deoxyadenosine

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine amide

D-alanyl-D-alanine

DNA with lesion

13¹-oxo-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester

3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a

magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester

13¹-hydroxy-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester

chlorophyllide a

protochlorophyllide a

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoheme

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrinogen IX

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

S⁰

sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

2-octaprenylphenol