an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

2-carboxy-L-threo-pentonate

2-carboxy-L-xylonolactone

2,3-dioxo-L-gulonate

cyclic- 3,4-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

dehydroascorbate (bicyclic form)

cyclic-2,3-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

L-dehydro-ascorbate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

α-D-galacturonate 1-phosphate

L-xylo-hex-3-ulono-1,4-lactone

L-gulono-1,4-lactone

ammonia

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

2'-(5''-triphospho-α-D-ribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA

N²-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N²-succinylglutamate

4-acetamidobutanal

4-acetamidobutanoate

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

ADP-D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

3-oxo-5,6-didehydrosuberyl-CoA semialdehyde

3-oxo-5,6-didehydrosuberyl-CoA

2-oxepin-2(3H)-ylideneacetyl-CoA

2-(1,2-epoxy-1,2-dihydrophenyl)acetyl-CoA

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

(S)-5-amino-3-oxohexanoate

(3S,5S)-3,5-diaminohexanoate

itaconate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

carboxynorspermidine

norspermidine

urea

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate

adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

DNA without lesion

L-canavanine

(E)-2-benzylidenesuccinyl-CoA

2-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyphenylpropanoyl-CoA

3S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoyl-CoA

(E)-4-coumaroyl-CoA

2,3-didehydroadipyl-CoA

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

acetoacetate

(S)-dihydroorotate

L-histidinol phosphate

prephenate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

2-iminoacetate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

coenzyme F₃₉₀-A

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

4-pyridoxolactone

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

shikimate

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

lipid IV_A

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

lipid X

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

histidinal

histidinol

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

selenophosphate

carbonic acid

L-β-lysine

7,8-diaminopelargonate

pimeloyl-CoA

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

anthranilate

coproporphyrinogen III

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

carbamoyl phosphate

(R)-pantothenate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

2-dehydropantoate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

dialurate

(R)-1-amino-2-propanol O-2-phosphate

dethiobiotin

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

carbon monoxide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

citrate

oxaloacetate

2-oleoylglycerol

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

α-ribazole

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

hydrogen peroxide

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

2-maleylacetate

4-amino-4-deoxy-α-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate

S-adenosyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate

oxalosuccinate

nigerose

O-acetyl-L-serine

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate

propionamide

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

acrylamide

acrylate

4-guanidinobutyramide

4-guanidinobutanoate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

(indol-3 yl)acetyl-CoA

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

glycerone phosphate

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

H₂

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

quinolinate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

acetyl phosphate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

preuroporphyrinogen

5-aminolevulinate

porphobilinogen

prenyl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

thiamine phosphate

thiamine diphosphate

CO₂

H₂O

4'-phosphopantetheine

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

ectoine

DNA with lesion

phenylacetate

ethylphosphate

13¹-oxo-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester

3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a

magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester

13¹-hydroxy-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester

chlorophyllide a

protochlorophyllide a

cobalt-precorrin-3

cobalt-precorrin-4

Mg-protoporphyrin

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

cobalt-precorrin-2

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cobalt-factor III

cobalt-precorrin-7

cobalt-precorrin-8

cobalt-precorrin-6B

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-6A

cobalt-precorrin-5A

adenosyl-cobinamide phosphate

adenosylcobinamide-GDP

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

adenosylcobyrate

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosylcobinamide

cob(I)alamin

adenosylcobalamin

protoheme

hydrogen cyanide

N₂

protoporphyrinogen IX

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

siroheme

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

(R)-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate 9-phosphate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

2-octaprenylphenol

agmatine

putrescine

glycine betaine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

acetamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

nicotinamide

(indol-3-yl)acetate

L-galactono-1,4-lactone

cis-dienelactone

trans-dienelactone

(S)-3-aminobutanoyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

itaconyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

(2E,5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyoctanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-octa-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyhexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-hexa-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxybutanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-buta-2-enoyl)-CoA

(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoA

(E)-2-methylcrotonoyl-CoA

2-trans,6-cis-tridecadienoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy, 6-cis-tridecenoyl-CoA

(3E)-undec-2-enoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy-undecanoyl-CoA

2-trans-6-trans-tridecadienoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy, 6-trans-tridecenoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-trans-undecadienoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy, 4-trans-undecenoyl-CoA

2-trans-nonenoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy-nonanoyl-CoA

(3S)-hydroxyadipyl-CoA

2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

phenylacetyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

(2E)-oct-2-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-(5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

3-oxoadipyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

FMNH₂

FMN

FAD

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

caldariellaquinol

ubiquinol-10

ubiquinol-7

ubiquinol-9

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-10

3-demethylubiquinol-7

3-demethylubiquinol-9

3-demethylubiquinol-8

caldariellaquinone

monodehydroascorbate radical

superoxide

coenzyme A

oxidized coenzyme F₄₂₀-2

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

guanylyl molybdenum cofactor

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

nicotinate

riboflavin

L-ascorbate

pyridoxal

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

menadione

dimethyl sulfide

thiocyanate

methanethiol

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

Fe³⁺

Mg²⁺

Co²⁺

Fe²⁺

Ni²⁺

Mo²⁺

ammonium

H⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

hydrogensulfite

thiosulfate

sulfite

selenide

hydrogencarbonate

nitrite

nitrate

molybdate

phosphonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-3B

precorrin-4

precorrin-5

precorrin-2

precorrin-3A

precorrin-1

precorrin-6A

precorrin-6B

precorrin-7

precorrin-8x

sirohydrochlorin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

guanine

adenine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

guanosine

inosine

xanthosine

adenosine

hypoxanthine

dAMP

dGMP

dIMP

dITP

dGTP

dATP

dIDP

dGDP

dADP

IDP

GDP

ADP

GMP

IMP

XMP

AMP

XTP

ITP

GTP

ATP

orotate

dCMP

dUMP

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

uracil

dTMP

UTP

dUDP

dUTP

dTDP

dTTP

dCDP

dCTP

CDP

CTP

UDP

UDP-α-D-galacturonate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-quinovosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-fucosamine

UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-β-L-arabino-hex-4-ulose

UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-α-D-xylo-hex-4-ulose

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-viosamine

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

cytidine

uridine

CMP

UMP

preQ₁

preQ₀

(indole-3-yl)acetonitrile

salicylaldehyde

2-[(1R,6S)-1,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl]acetyl-coA

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

4-hydroxybenzoate

protocatechuate

benzaldehyde

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

menadiol

4-methylphenol

salicylate

benzoate

4-aminobenzoate

D-gluconate

(R)-pantoate

acetate

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

aldehydo-D-glucuronate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

(2R,3S)-2-methylisocitrate

cis-2-methylaconitate

cis-aconitate

(3E,5R)-5-carboxy-2-oxohept-3-enedioate

D-threo-isocitrate

(R)-lactate

formate

propanoate

pyruvate

butanoate

octanoate

3-oxoadipate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

glyoxylate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

(3E,5Z)-tetradecadienoate

apo-4'-lycopenoate

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

L-asparagine

L-glutamine

L-serine

L-threonine

glycine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-histidine

L-glutamate

β-alanine

L-leucine

L-proline

L-alanine

D-glutamate

L-tryptophan

D-aspartate

D-alanine

L-saccharopine

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-selenomethionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

3-phospho-L-serine

L-citrulline

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-4-hydroxyglutamate semialdehyde

L-ornithine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-methionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

methylglyoxal

diacetyl

1-octanal

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 4-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 5-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 6-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 2-monophosphate

ethanol

methanol

(3E,5Z)-tetradeca-3,5-dienoyl-CoA

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

apo-4'-lycopenal

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

α-D-Kdo-(2→4)-α-D-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid A

4'-α-L-Ara4N-α-Kdo-(2→4)-α-Kdo-(2→6)-[P4'-α-L-ara4N]-lipid A

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

sucrose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

keto-D-fructose

β-D-fructofuranose

D-xylulose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-β-L-fucose

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

aldehydo-L-galactonate

L-gulonate

cyclic-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

pppGpp

ppGpp

5'-deoxyadenosine

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

adenylo-succinate

reduced β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine amide

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine