an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

urea

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

3-phosphooxypyruvate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

acetoacetate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

coproporphyrinogen III

lipid IV_A

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(S)-dihydroorotate

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

(R)-pantothenate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate

anthranilate

preuroporphyrinogen

thiamine diphosphate

quinolinate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

thiamine phosphate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

L-canavanine

O-acetyl-L-serine

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

prephenate

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

shikimate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

4'-phosphopantetheine

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

glutathione disulfide

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

ADP-D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

2-maleylacetate

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

2-phosphoglycolate

glycolate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

prenyl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

glycerone phosphate

propanoyl phosphate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

carboxyphosphate

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

DNA without lesion

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

hydrogen peroxide

acetyl phosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

oxaloacetate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

hydroxypyruvate

lipid X

dihydroxyacetone

CO₂

L-arginino-succinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

2-dehydropantoate

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

5-aminolevulinate

porphobilinogen

phosphoenolpyruvate

H₂O

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoheme

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminopropanoate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

(R)-citramalate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

2-octaprenylphenol

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

preQ₀

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Mo²⁺

Zn²⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

molybdate

superoxide

OH^-

hydrogencarbonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

pristanate

glycine betaine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

cadaverine

putrescine

spermidine

methanethiol

glutathione amide perthiol

glutathione

glutathione amide

glutathione amide disulfide

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

cis-dienelactone

trans-dienelactone

linoleoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

18-hydroxylinoleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

cis-vaccenoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

palmitoleoyl-CoA

myristoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

ethene

nicotinate

riboflavin

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

menadione

FMNH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

ubiquinol-7

ubiquinol-9

ubiquinol-10

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-7

3-demethylubiquinol-9

3-demethylubiquinol-10

3-demethylubiquinol-8

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

pppGpp

dGMP

dAMP

adenylo-succinate

dIDP

dITP

IDP

ITP

dATP

IMP

hypoxanthine

dGTP

2'-deoxyguanosine

GTP

ppGpp

XMP

GMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

AMP

dADP

dGDP

GDP

ATP

ADP

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

guanosine

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

2-hydroxy-dATP

dCTP

dUTP

dTTP

UTP

CTP

dUMP

dTMP

dCMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

preQ₁

uracil

adenine

guanine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

coenzyme A

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

guanylyl molybdenum cofactor

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

orotate

toluene

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

4-hydroxybenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

8'-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-alkenyl)phenyl-3-[9'E,11'E,13'Z-pentadecatrienyl]catechol

protocatechuate

dimeric urushiol peroxide

3-[(8Z,11E,13Z)-pentadeca-8,11,13-trien-1-yl] )catechol

menadiol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

4-aminobenzoate

diacetyl

methylglyoxal

butan-1-al

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

butan-1-ol

glycerol

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

heptosyl-Kdo₂-lipid A

(heptosyl)₂-Kdo₂-lipid A

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

18-hydroxystearate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxyoleate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-[18-hydroxyoeoyl]-2-[18-hydroxy-lioleoyl]-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-myristoyl phosphatidate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1,2-dicis-vaccenoyl-phosphatidate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-cis-vaccenoyl phosphatidate

1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-benzyl-3,6-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

3-benzyl-3,6 -bis(glutathione)- 6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

chorismate

succinate

L-aspartate

fumarate

(S)-malate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

3-oxoadipate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

2-oxobutanoate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

acetate

formate

propanoate

(R)-lactate

butanoate

decanoate

7-hydroxylaurate

laurate

octanoate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

linoleate

α-linolenate

stearate

oleate

palmitate

phytenate

(R)-pantoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-serine

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

L-asparagine

L-threonine

L-glutamine

glycine

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-glutamate

L-methionine

L-isoleucine

L-tryptophan

L-leucine

L-proline

L-valine

L-phenylalanine

L-alanine

β-alanine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-ornithine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

3-phospho-L-serine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine