an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

citrate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

CDP-glycerol

α-D-glucopyranosyl-diphosphoundecaprenol

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

carbon monoxide

xanthine

propan-2-ol

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

L-selenocystathionine

orotidine 5'-phosphate

2-phosphoglycolate

coproporphyrinogen III

prenyl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

3-dehydroquinate

glycolate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

autoinducer 2

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

phosphoenolpyruvate

L-tartrate

oxaloacetate

tartronate semialdehyde

5-dehydro-D-gluconate

hydrogen peroxide

CO₂

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

quinolinate

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

carbamoyl phosphate

carboxyphosphate

glycerone phosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

H₂O

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

glutathione disulfide

acetoacetate

ethanolamine

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

prephenate

2-dehydropantoate

selenophosphate

4-aminobutanoate

(S)-dihydroorotate

salicyl alcohol

methylsalicylate

15-cis-4,4'-diapophytoene

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-glycero-2,5-hexodiulosonate

thiamine diphosphate

N-carbamoylputrescine

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

H₂

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

carboxynorspermidine

norspermidine

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

4-guanidinobutyramide

dihydroxyacetone

5-aminopentanoate

dihydrolipoate

oxalosuccinate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

L-histidinol phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

histidinal

histidinol

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

meso-tartrate

2-hydroxy-3-oxosuccinate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

O-acetyl-L-serine

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

DNA without lesion

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

hexulose 6-phosphate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

quercitrin

dIMP

XTP

pppGpp

ppGpp

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

dATP

5'-deoxyadenosine

adenylo-succinate

GDP

hypoxanthine

dGTP

2'-deoxyguanosine

GTP

GMP

IMP

XMP

ITP

AMP

ATP

ADP

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

dITP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

dGDP

dADP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

ADP-α-D-glucose

uracil

thymine

adenine

guanine

preQ₁

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

CDP

UDP

dCDP

dTDP

dTMP

dUMP

dCMP

UMP

CMP

UTP

CTP

dTTP

dUTP

dCTP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

(R)-NADPHX

(S)-NADPHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

coenzyme A

(R)-lipoate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

FAD

FMN

riboflavin

FADH₂

FMNH₂

reduced riboflavin

quercetin

quercetin-3-glucoside

rutin

hesperidin

naringin

prunin

hesperitin-7-O-β-D-glucoside

methanol

ethanol

butan-1-ol

glycerol

(S)-propane-1,2-diol

protocatechuate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

D-xylulose

L-ribulose

α-D-ribofuranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

keto-D-fructose

β-D-fructofuranose

β-L-fucopyranose

α-L-fucopyranose

β-L-rhamnopyranose

α-L-rhamnopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

4-deoxy-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-allulose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

aldehydo-D-allose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

L-fuculose 1-phosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

p-nitrophenyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside

maltotriose

selaginose

raffinose

stachyose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

sucrose

α,α-trehalose

L-idonate

D-gluconate

geranyl diphosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-4,4'-diapolycopene

all-trans-4,4'-diapophytofluene

all-trans-4,4'-diapo-ζ-carotene

all-trans-4,4'-diaponeurosporene

all-trans-retinol

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

ferrichrome

anguibactin

urate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

salicylate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

4-nitrophenol

caldariellaquinol

caldariellaquinone

methylglyoxal

diacetyl

acetone

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

butan-1-al

(S)-lactaldehyde

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

acetate

(R)-pantoate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-homoserine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-homocysteine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-lysine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-isoleucine

L-leucine

L-valine

L-tyrosine

L-threonine

L-alanine

L-tryptophan

L-aspartate

L-proline

L-phenylalanine

L-glutamine

L-glutamate

L-serine

glycine

L-methionine

L-cysteine

L-arginine

L-histidine

L-asparagine

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

D-alanine

D-proline

L-cystathionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L,L-diaminopimelate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-selenomethionine

L-saccharopine

3-phospho-L-serine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

(4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-oxoadipate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2-oxoglutarate

formate

(R)-lactate

(R)-glycerate

palmitate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-6-carboxy-L-lysyl-D-alanine

N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-6-carboxy-L-lysine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

a thiol group

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

DNA with lesion

protoheme

protoporphyrinogen IX

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-chloroacetate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

preQ₀

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Na⁺

Fe²⁺

Co²⁺

Mn²⁺

hydrogencarbonate

OH^-

selenide

superoxide

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

agmatine

N-acetylputrescine

N¹-acetylspermine

N¹-acetylspermidine

putrescine

spermidine

spermine

glutathione

methanethiol

taurine

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

(R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

(indol-3-yl)acetate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

thiamine

nicotinate

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX