an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

aminoacetone

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

4-oxoglutaramate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

formamide

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

glutathione disulfide

glutathionylspermidine

salicyl alcohol

methylsalicylate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

L-selenocystathionine

4-fumaryl-acetoacetate

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

xanthine

3-phosphooxypyruvate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhepta-2,4-dienedioate

(4Z)-2-oxohept-4-enedioate

porphobilinogen

preuroporphyrinogen

2-succinylbenzoate

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

histidinal

histidinol

L-histidinol phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

(S)-mandelate

(R)-mandelate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

2-protocatechuoylphloroglucinolcarboxylate

carbon monoxide

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

carboxyphosphate

acetyl phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

prenyl diphosphate

oxalosuccinate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

citrate

thiamine diphosphate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

(S)-dihydroorotate

2-dehydropantoate

3-dehydroshikimate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

ethanolamine

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

carbonic acid

quinolinate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

L-canavanine

urea

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

prephenate

(R)-10-Hydroxystearate

lipid IV_A

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

DNA without lesion

N²-succinylglutamate

glycolate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

formate

glycerone phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

lipid X

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

4-maleyl-acetoacetate

homogentisate

(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

N-Formyl-L-kynurenine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

chloramphenicol

anthranilate

3-hydroxyanthranilate

coproporphyrinogen III

acetoacetate

(R)-mevalonate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

urocanate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

5-aminolevulinate

isochorismate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

CDP-glycerol

pimeloyl-CoA

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

O-acetyl-L-serine

4'-phosphopantetheine

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

oxaloacetate

hydrogen peroxide

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

thiamine phosphate

CO₂

orotidine 5'-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

H₂O

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

ethylphosphate

hydrogen cyanide

Mg-protoporphyrin

cob(I)alamin

adenosylcobalamin

protoheme

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminobutanoate

2-chloroacetate

β-D-mannosyl-(C55 ω-saturated dolichyl phosphate)

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

ω-saturated C55 dolichol phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(S)-4-hydroxymandelate

(R)-4-hydroxymandelate

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

preQ₀

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

Cu²⁺

hydrogensulfite

OH^-

thiosulfate

sulfite

superoxide

hydrogencarbonate

phosphonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

pristanate

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

agmatine

putrescine

spermine

dehydrospermidine

spermidine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

methanethiol

glutathione

thiocyanate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

isovaleryl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3-methylcrotonyl-CoA

3-methylglutaconyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

linoleoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxylinoleoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

cis-vaccenoyl-CoA

palmitoleoyl-CoA

myristoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

glycocholate

cholate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

nicotinate

thiamine

riboflavin

all-trans-retinol

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

pyridoxal

pyridoxine

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

FMNH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

glycine betaine

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

dAMP

dGMP

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

dIDP

dITP

IDP

ITP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

hypoxanthine

dGTP

dGDP

dATP

dADP

GTP

GDP

cyclic-AMP

adenylo-succinate

5'-deoxyadenosine

XMP

GMP

IMP

AMP

ATP

ADP

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

dCTP

dTTP

dUTP

UTP

CTP

dTMP

dUMP

dCMP

UMP

CMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

GDP-α-D-mannose

preQ₁

uracil

adenine

guanine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

coenzyme A

(6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydromonapterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

(6R)-4a-hydroxy-tetrahydrobiopterin

orotate

(+)-taxifolin

(+)-dihydrokaempferol

(+)-dihydromyricetin

(2R,3S,4S)-leucopelargonidin

(2R,3S,4S)-leucodelphinidin

(2R,3S,4S)-leucocyanidin

kaempferol

quercetin

myricetin

urate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

methylglyoxal

glycolaldehyde

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-ribofuranose

methanol

ethanol

glycerol

phytate

D-myo-inositol (1,2,4,5,6)-pentakisphosphate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IV_A

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

18-hydroxystearate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxyoleate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-[18-hydroxyoeoyl]-2-[18-hydroxy-lioleoyl]-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-myristoyl phosphatidate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1,2-dicis-vaccenoyl-phosphatidate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-cis-vaccenoyl phosphatidate

1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

decanoate

7-hydroxylaurate

laurate

octanoate

4-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-lactate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

linoleate

α-linolenate

stearate

palmitate

oleate

phytenate

(R)-pantoate

acetate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-kynurenine

L-serine

L-tyrosine

L-glutamine

L-threonine

glycine

L-histidine

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-glutamate

L-proline

L-isoleucine

L-leucine

L-valine

L-alanine

L-phenylalanine

L-tryptophan

L-methionine

β-alanine

D-glutamate

D-lysine

D-proline

D-ornithine

D-alanine

L-isoglutamine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-ornithine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

L-saccharopine

3-phospho-L-serine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-canaline

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine