an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

3-phosphooxypyruvate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

oxaloacetate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

L-canavanine

salicyl alcohol

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

3-oxopropanoate

4-aminobutanoate

succinate semialdehyde

H₂O

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

glutathione disulfide

prephenate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-ureidoglycolate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

quinolinate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

urea

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

β-D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate

5-methylcytosine

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

urea-1-carboxylate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

urocanate

S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

histidinal

histidinol

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

carboxyphosphate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

3-methylbenzyl alcohol

3-methylbenzaldehyde

4-methylbenzyl alcohol

autoinducer 2

DNA without lesion

coproporphyrinogen III

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

formate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

xanthine

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

2-oxopent-4-enoate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

oxalosuccinate

citrate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

propanoyl phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

carbamoyl phosphate

chloramphenicol

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

hydrogen peroxide

2-dehydropantoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

glycerone phosphate

CDP-glycerol

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

selenophosphate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

prenyl diphosphate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(R)-mevalonate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoate

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

(lipoyl)adenylate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

thiamine diphosphate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

CO₂

anthranilate

L-selenocystathionine

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

4'-phosphopantetheine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

acetyl phosphate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

ethanolamine

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

poly(ribitol phosphate)

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

glycolate

3-dehydroquinate

phosphoenolpyruvate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

shikimate

3-dehydroshikimate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminopropanoate

2-octaprenylphenol

L-homocysteine

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

(S)-ureidoglycine

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

DNA with lesion

ethylphosphate

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosylcobinamide

cob(I)alamin

adenosylcobalamin

protoheme

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrinogen IX

protoporphyrin IX

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-chloroacetate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

(R)-citramalate

preQ₀

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

3-chlorobenzyl alcohol

3-chlorobenzaldehyde

Fe³⁺

Na⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Co²⁺

Cu²⁺

Ca²⁺

Fe²⁺

nitrate

OH^-

superoxide

selenide

hydrogencarbonate

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

pristanate

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

spermidine

putrescine

methanethiol

glutathione

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

linoleoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

CoA-disulfide

phytenoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

18-hydroxylinoleoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

cis-vaccenoyl-CoA

palmitoleoyl-CoA

myristoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

ethene

(25S)-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oate

(25S)-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonate

riboflavin

nicotinate

thiamine

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

pyridoxal

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

FMNH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

glycine betaine

dADP

dGDP

GDP

AMP

ATP

ADP

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

dGMP

dAMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

dIDP

dITP

IDP

ITP

5'-deoxyadenosine

dATP

dGTP

pppGpp

ppGpp

XMP

GMP

GTP

IMP

adenylo-succinate

hypoxanthine

5-fluorocytosine

5-fluorouracil

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

dUTP

dCTP

dTTP

UTP

CTP

dUMP

dTMP

dCMP

CMP

UMP

dCDP

dUDP

dTDP

CDP

UDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

GDP-α-D-mannose

ADP-α-D-glucose

preQ₁

thymine

uracil

cytosine

adenine

guanine

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

reduced riboflavin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

orotate

benzyl alcohol

benzaldehyde

4-methylbenzaldehyde

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

hydroquinone

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

4-aminobenzoate

diacetyl

(S)-acetoin

(R)-acetoin

methylglyoxal

1-propanal

butan-1-al

acetaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

phytenal

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribopyranose

α-D-xylopyranose

α-L-rhamnopyranose

β-L-rhamnopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

methanol

propan-1-ol

butan-1-ol

ethanol

phytol

glycerol

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

octyl α-D-glucopyranoside

octyl β-1,6-D-galactofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside

maltotriose

isoprimeverose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

keto-D-fructose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

D-xylulose

β-D-fructofuranose

keto-L-rhamnulose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

sucrose 6^G-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

D-allulose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

aldehydo-D-allose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

D-gluconate

18-hydroxystearate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxyoleate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-[18-hydroxyoeoyl]-2-[18-hydroxy-lioleoyl]-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-myristoyl phosphatidate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1,2-dicis-vaccenoyl-phosphatidate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-cis-vaccenoyl phosphatidate

1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

3-benzyl-3,6-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

3-benzyl-3,6 -bis(glutathione)- 6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

allantoate

(S)-(+)-allantoin

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

chorismate

L-aspartate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

(2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxobutanoate

pyruvate

7-hydroxylaurate

laurate

decanoate

octanoate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

oleate

α-linolenate

linoleate

stearate

palmitate

phytenate

acetate

(R)-pantoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-serine

L-tyrosine

L-cysteine

glycine

L-threonine

L-glutamine

L-asparagine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-histidine

L-glutamate

L-isoleucine

L-leucine

L-valine

L-phenylalanine

L-tryptophan

L-methionine

L-alanine

L-proline

β-alanine

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

D-alanine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-ornithine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

seleno-L-homocysteine

3-phospho-L-serine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-canaline

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine