an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

citrate

H₂O

oxaloacetate

3-dehydroshikimate

shikimate

5-dehydro-D-gluconate

carbamoyl phosphate

CO₂

glycerone phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

histidinol

L-histidinol phosphate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

coproporphyrinogen III

urocanate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

oxalosuccinate

hydrogen peroxide

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

pimeloyl-CoA

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

DNA without lesion

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

thiamine diphosphate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

(E)-4-coumaroyl-CoA

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

3-hydroxyanthranilate

glycolate

acetoacetate

quinolinate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

2-(1,2-epoxy-1,2-dihydrophenyl)acetyl-CoA

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

3-(O-geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

4-prenylphlorisobutyrophenone

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

carboxyphosphate

formamide

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

selenophosphate

2-dehydropantoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

L-selenocystathionine

(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

homogentisate

porphobilinogen

4-maleyl-acetoacetate

hydrogen selenide

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

histidinal

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

glutathione disulfide

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

N-Formyl-L-kynurenine

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

glutathioselenol

selenodiglutathione

4-oxoglutaramate

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

aminoacetone

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

carbamate

L-kynurenine

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-aspartate

L-glutamate

glycine

L-proline

L-glutamine

L-tyrosine

L-leucine

L-serine

L-alanine

L-phenylalanine

L-threonine

L-lysine

L-histidine

L-tryptophan

L-methionine

L-homocysteine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-ornithine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

3-sulfino-L-alanine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-saccharopine

seleno-L-homocysteine

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-isoglutamine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

β-alanine

protocatechuate

4-aminobenzoate

acetate

D-gluconate

D-mannonate

(R)-pantoate

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

D-tagaturonate

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

dinor-12-oxo-phytodienoate

8-[(1R,2R)-3-oxo-2-{(Z)-pent-2-enyl}cyclopentyl]octanoate

(R)-lactate

(S)-2-hydroxyglutarate

pyruvate

formate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-oxoadipate

cis-aconitate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

phlorisovalerophenone

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

geranyl diphosphate

deoxyhumulone

4-prenylphlorisovalerophenone

deoxycohumulone

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

L-idonate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-β-L-fucose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

CDP-α-D-glucose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-β-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose

UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-β-L-arabinopyranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

mannosylfructose-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

β-D-fructofuranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

keto-D-fructose

keto-L-sorbose

D-xylulose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

D-sorbitol

L-iditol

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

ethanol

methanol

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone

caldariellaquinone

myricetin

(+)-taxifolin

quercetin

kaempferol

(+)-dihydromyricetin

(+)-dihydrokaempferol

caldariellaquinol

demethylmenaquinol-8

menaquinol-8

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

adenine

XMP

IMP

AMP

GMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

ADP

GDP

IDP

dGDP

dIDP

dADP

dGTP

dITP

dATP

dGMP

dAMP

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

FMNH₂

FADH₂

FMN

FAD

riboflavin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

preQ₁

isoguanine

dTMP

dUMP

dUTP

dUDP

CTP

CDP

dCTP

dCDP

UTP

UDP

dTTP

dTDP

dCMP

UMP

CMP

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

precorrin-2

precorrin-1

coenzyme A

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

adenylo-succinate

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

NADH

NADPH

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

acetyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

phenylacetyl-CoA

3-methylcrotonyl-CoA

isovaleryl-CoA

3-methylglutaconyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

(2R)-phospho-3-sulfolactate

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

(2R)-3-sulfolactate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

methanethiol

spermidine

putrescine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

hydrogencarbonate

selenate

sulfite

selenide

OH^-

selenite

hydrogensulfite

sulfate

chloride

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

Fe³⁺

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

H⁺

ammonium

2-chloroacetate

preQ₀

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

2-iminosuccinate

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

uroporphyrinogen-III

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-I

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoporphyrin IX

ethylphosphate

DNA with lesion