an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

H₂O

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

citrate

prenyl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

CO₂

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

glycerone phosphate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

3-dehydroshikimate

shikimate

oxalosuccinate

canavaninosuccinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

L-arginino-succinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoyl-CoA

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

glycolate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

hydrogen peroxide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

thiamine diphosphate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

oxaloacetate

thiamine phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

3-(O-geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

4-prenylphlorisobutyrophenone

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

3-oxopropanoate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

citraconate

anthranilate

acetoacetate

DNA without lesion

carboxyphosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

coenzyme F₃₉₀-A

hexulose 6-phosphate

methylsalicylate

salicyl alcohol

3-ureidopropanoate

coproporphyrinogen III

chlorite

porphobilinogen

5-aminolevulinate

urea-1-carboxylate

urea

succinate semialdehyde

L-gulono-1,4-lactone

acetyl phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

histidinol

L-histidinol phosphate

xanthine

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

quinolinate

4'-phosphopantetheine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

prephenate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

glutathione disulfide

histidinal

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

propan-2-ol

shikimate 3-phosphate

autoinducer 2

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

bisorganyltrisulfane

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

D-alanyl-D-alanine

carbamate

L-citrulline

L-valine

L-aspartate

L-threonine

glycine

L-glutamate

L-glutamine

L-tryptophan

L-serine

L-leucine

L-isoleucine

L-alanine

L-histidine

L-arginine

L-phenylalanine

L-proline

L-lysine

L-tyrosine

L-cysteine

L-methionine

L-homocysteine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-ornithine

L-canaline

L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-selenomethionine

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

N⁶-hydroxy-L-lysine

N-carbamoylglycine

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

3-phospho-L-serine

L,L-diaminopimelate

D-alanine

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

β-alanine

(R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

acetate

orotate

D-mannonate

D-gluconate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-deoxy-D-glucuronate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

palmitate

stearate

oleate

(3E,5Z)-tetradecadienoate

di-homo-γ-linolenate

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

pyruvate

formate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylpropanoate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

phlorisovalerophenone

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

all-trans-retinol

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

deoxyhumulone

4-prenylphlorisovalerophenone

deoxycohumulone

(3E,5Z)-tetradeca-3,5-dienoyl-CoA

(3E)-undec-3-enoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-cis-undecadienoyl-CoA

(3E)-tetradec-3-enoyl-CoA

(2E,4E)-tetradeca-2,4-dienoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-trans-undecadienoyl-CoA

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

1-(oleoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

L-gulonate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-β-L-fucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α,α-trehalose 6-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

β-D-fructofuranose

α-D-galactopyranose

α-D-xylopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

α-L-arabinopyranose

keto-D-fructose

D-xylulose

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

glycerol

sucrose

α,α-trehalose

stachyose

raffinose

myo-inositol

scyllo-inositol

1D-chiro-inositol

3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione

scyllo-inosose

1-keto-D-chiro-inositol

phytate

D-myo-inositol (1,2,3,5,6) pentakisphosphate

ethanol

phytol

methanol

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

caldariellaquinone

diacetyl

acetone

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

caldariellaquinol

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

guanine

adenine

AMP

IMP

XMP

GMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

GDP

ADP

IDP

dGDP

dADP

dIDP

dGTP

dATP

dITP

hypoxanthine

adenosine

guanosine

xanthosine

inosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

thio-molybdenum cofactor

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

FMNH₂

reduced riboflavin

FADH₂

FMN

riboflavin

FAD

uracil

thymine

isoguanine

dTMP

dUMP

CDP

dCDP

UDP

dUDP

UTP

dCTP

CTP

dUTP

dTTP

dTDP

dCMP

5,6-dihydrothymine

5,6-dihydrouracil

UMP

CMP

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

hydantoin

coenzyme A

oxidized coenzyme F₄₂₀-2

adenylo-succinate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

ppGpp

pppGpp

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

NADH

NADPH

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

glycine betaine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

nicotinate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(+)-7-epi-jasmonate

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

dihomo γ-linolenoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

malonyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

trans-Δ², cis-Δ⁴-decadienoyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

methanethiol

thiocyanate

S-sulfanylglutathione

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

sulfite

thiosulfate

hydrogencarbonate

OH^-

hydrogensulfite

chloride

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

Fe³⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

H⁺

ammonium

2-chloroacetate

hydrogen cyanide

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(R)-citramalate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

pheophorbide b

pheophorbide a

chlorophyllide a

chlorophyll a

pheophytin b

pheophytin a

uroporphyrinogen-III

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-I

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoporphyrin IX

ethylphosphate

DNA with lesion