an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

bisorganyltrisulfane

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

selenodiglutathione

glutathioselenol

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

pyruvic oxime

hydrogen selenide

2-oxoglutaramate

1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one

2-hydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)-3-oxopent-1-enyl 1-phosphate

N-ethylammelide

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

glutathione disulfide

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

dialurate

(R)-1-amino-2-propanol O-2-phosphate

mercuriphenyl acetate

7,8-diaminopelargonate

dethiobiotin

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

2'-(5''-triphospho-α-D-ribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

lipid IV_A

squalene

hop-22(29)-ene

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

prephenate

2-maleylacetate

propanoyl phosphate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

4'-phosphopantetheine

ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

selenophosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

deethylsimazine

N-ethylammeline

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

O-acetyl-L-serine

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-2,3-dioxopentyl 1-phosphate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

3-dehydroquinate

DNA without lesion

lipid X

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

2-iminoacetate

ethanolamine

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

ammonia

hydroxylamine

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

hydroxypyruvate

tartronate semialdehyde

α-ribazole

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

histidinal

histidinol

quinolinate

N-ethylmaleimide

N-ethylsuccinimide

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

carbonic acid

3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate

prenyl diphosphate

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

(S)-mandelate

(R)-mandelate

2-protocatechuoylphloroglucinolcarboxylate

carbon monoxide

hexulose 6-phosphate

5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

preuroporphyrinogen

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

glycolate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

thiamine phosphate

thiamine diphosphate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

coproporphyrinogen III

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

5-aminolevulinate

porphobilinogen

shikimate

3-dehydroshikimate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

urea

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

cyanate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

oxalosuccinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

oxaloacetate

citrate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

L-canavanine

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

phosphoenolpyruvate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

anthranilate

CO₂

hydrogen peroxide

(S)-dihydroorotate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

carbamoyl phosphate

carboxyphosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

glycerone phosphate

H₂O

preQ₀

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2-chloroacetate

sulfate

hydrogensulfite

selenite

OH^-

selenide

nitrite

sulfite

superoxide

selenate

hydrogencarbonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

Fe³⁺

K⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Hg²⁺

Fe²⁺

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

agmatine

putrescine

spermidine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

methanethiol

glutathione

S-sulfanylglutathione

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

(2R)-phospho-3-sulfolactate

cis-dienelactone

trans-dienelactone

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

(2R,3S)-β-methylmalyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

phenylacetyl-CoA

4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

ethene

phenylacetate

thiamine

riboflavin

nicotinate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin

5-formyl-tetrahydromethanopterin

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

menadione

FMN

FMNH₂

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

ubiquinol-7

ubiquinol-10

ubiquinol-9

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-7

3-demethylubiquinol-10

3-demethylubiquinol-9

3-demethylubiquinol-8

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

cyclic-GMP

pppGpp

ppGpp

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

5'-deoxyadenosine

IDP

ITP

dIDP

dITP

XMP

dATP

dADP

dGTP

dGDP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

AMP

hypoxanthine

GMP

GTP

IMP

adenylo-succinate

GDP

ATP

ADP

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

inosine

xanthosine

guanosine

adenosine

cytidine

uridine

thymidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

dTTP

dCTP

dUTP

CTP

UTP

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-β-L-fucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

preQ₁

thymine

uracil

adenine

guanine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

coenzyme A

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

sirohydrochlorin

cobyrinate

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)alamin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydromonapterin triphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydromonapterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

5,6,7,8-tetrahydromonapterin

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

orotate

baicalein

6,7-dehydrobaicalein

quercetin

benzene

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

4-hydroxybenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

4-methylphenol

menadiol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

diacetyl

methylglyoxal

glycolaldehyde

acetaldehyde

butan-1-al

formaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

aldehydo-D-xylose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

ethanol

butan-1-ol

methanol

glycerol

xylitol

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

heptosyl-Kdo₂-lipid A

(heptosyl)₂-Kdo₂-lipid A

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

UDP-2-deoxy-2-acetamido-3-dehydro-α-D-glucopyranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

betanidin

betanidin quinone

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

pyruvate

acetate

formate

(R)-lactate

laurate

(R)-glycerate

(S)-2-hydroxyglutarate

stearate

palmitate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

D-glutamate

D-alanine

L-histidine

L-phenylalanine

L-tryptophan

L-tyrosine

L-cystathionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-lysine

L-asparagine

L-proline

L-threonine

L-ornithine

L-serine

L-valine

L-isoleucine

L-leucine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-alanine

L-arginine

L-aspartate

L-glutamine

L-glutamate

L-methionine

L-cysteine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline

3-phospho-L-serine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

L-citrulline

1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

L-canaline

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

glycine

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

cis-aconitate

(3E,5R)-5-carboxy-2-oxohept-3-enedioate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

DNA with lesion

adenosylcobyrate

adenosyl-cobinamide phosphate

adenosylcobinamide-GDP

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosylcobinamide

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

protoheme

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

siroheme

Hg⁰

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

(R)-citramalate

(S)-4-hydroxymandelate

(R)-4-hydroxymandelate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

2-octaprenylphenol

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol