an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

bisorganyltrisulfane

1-pyrroline

ammonia

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

3-dehydroshikimate

preuroporphyrinogen

(S)-dihydroorotate

selenodiglutathione

glutathioselenol

hydrogen selenide

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

urea

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

pseudouridine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

carbon monoxide

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate

N²-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N²-succinylglutamate

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

chloramphenicol

4-trimethylammoniobutanal

γ-butyrobetaine

4-aminobutanoate

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

DNA without lesion

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

3-oxopropanoate

acetoacetate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-oxopent-4-enoate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

homogentisate

(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

quinolinate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

glutathione disulfide

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

glycerone phosphate

xanthine

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

S-formylglutathione

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

hydrogen peroxide

carboxyphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

N²-succinyl-L-arginine

N²-succinyl-L-ornithine

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

oxalosuccinate

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

urocanate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

carbamoyl phosphate

citrate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

5-aminolevulinate

porphobilinogen

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

aminoacetone

oxaloacetate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxo-propanoyl-CoA

phosphoenolpyruvate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

CO₂

lipid X

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

H₂O

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

ethylphosphate

hydrogen cyanide

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobyrate

protoheme

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

siroheme

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

(R)-citramalate

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

2-octaprenylphenol

preQ₀

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

fluoroacetaldehyde

fluoroacetate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Fe²⁺

hydrogensulfite

selenite

OH^-

superoxide

thiosulfate

sulfite

selenate

hydrogencarbonate

sulfate

phosphate

diphosphate

hydroxyl radical

glycine betaine

betaine aldehyde

choline

betaine aldehyde hydrate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

agmatine

4-aminobutanal

spermidine

putrescine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

thiocyanate

glutathione

S-sulfanylglutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

isovaleryl-CoA

3-methylcrotonyl-CoA

3-methylglutaconyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-cis-undecadienoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-trans-undecadienoyl-CoA

(3E)-undec-3-enoyl-CoA

(2E,4E)-tetradeca-2,4-dienoyl-CoA

(3E)-tetradec-3-enoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-hexanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxooctanoyl)-CoA

5-cis, 7-trans-3-oxo-tetradecadienoyl-CoA

(3Z,5E)-dodeca-3,5-dienoyl-CoA

4-trans-3-oxo-undecenoyl-CoA

2-trans-nonenoyl-CoA

6-cis, 3-oxo-tridecenoyl-CoA

4-cis-undecenoyl-CoA

4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA

(5E)-3-oxo-dodec-5-enoyl-CoA

(3E)-dec-3-enoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-butanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxohexanoyl)-CoA

6-trans-3-oxo-tridecenoyl-CoA

4-trans-undecenoyl-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxobutanoyl)-CoA

acetyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

trans-Δ², cis-Δ⁴-decadienoyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

(3Z)-dodec-3-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

hexanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

myristoyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoyl-CoA

3-oxohexanoyl-CoA

3-oxodecanoyl-CoA

3-oxooctanoyl-CoA

3-oxododecanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-3-oxotetracosapentaenoyl-CoA

(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-3-oxotetracosahexaenoyl-CoA

3-oxo-palmitoyl-CoA

3-oxo-myristoyl-CoA

3-oxo-(5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-4-pregnene-20-carboxyl-CoA

3,22-dioxochol-4-en-24-oyl-CoA

nicotinate

riboflavin

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

FAD

FADH₂

FMNH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

pppGpp

ppGpp

XMP

IDP

dIDP

dITP

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

hypoxanthine

ITP

dATP

dAMP

GMP

dGTP

dGMP

GTP

IMP

adenylo-succinate

dADP

dGDP

GDP

AMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

ATP

ADP

guanosine

adenosine

inosine

xanthosine

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

dCTP

dTTP

dUTP

CTP

UTP

dCMP

dTMP

dUMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

CDP

UDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

preQ₁

adenine

guanine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

coenzyme A

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

sirohydrochlorin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

orotate

urate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

4-aminobenzoate

diacetyl

methylglyoxal

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

1-octanal

(S)-lactaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

ethanol

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

4-deoxy-β-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-D-N-sulfoglucosamine 6-O-sulfate

4-deoxy-2-O-sulfo-β-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-D-N-sulfoglucosamine 6-O-sulfate

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

4-deoxy-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

cis-aconitate

cis-2-methylaconitate

(2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate

(2R,3S)-2-methylisocitrate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

glyoxylate

2-oxoglutarate

acetate

formate

propanoate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

laurate

octanoate

stearate

palmitate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-serine

L-tyrosine

L-glutamine

glycine

L-threonine

L-asparagine

L-cysteine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-glutamate

L-valine

L-proline

L-alanine

L-leucine

L-tryptophan

L-methionine

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-ornithine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

3-phospho-L-serine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-methionine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

L-citrulline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

hypoglycin A

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

meso-diaminopimelate

hypoglycin B

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-cysteinylglycine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine