an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

acetoacetate

3-dehydroquinate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

histidinal

hydrogen selenide

O-acetyl-L-serine

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

L-selenocystathionine

2-iminoacetate

(lipoyl)adenylate

selenophosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

hexulose 6-phosphate

propanoyl phosphate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

thiamine diphosphate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

(2S)-4-acetamido-2-aminobutanoate

ectoine

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate

4'-phosphopantetheine

α-D-ribose-1-methylphosphonate 5-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1,2-cyclic phosphate

salicyl alcohol

preuroporphyrinogen

porphobilinogen

quinolinate

prenyl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

DNA without lesion

carbamoyl phosphate

carboxyphosphate

5-dehydro-D-gluconate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

histidinol

coproporphyrinogen III

oxalosuccinate

citrate

acetyl phosphate

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

urea

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

CO₂

L-canavanine

L-arginino-succinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-glycero-2,5-hexodiulosonate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

hydrogen peroxide

5-methylcytosine

oxaloacetate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

5-aminolevulinate

xanthine

glycerone phosphate

3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

phosphoenolpyruvate

H₂O

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

selenodiglutathione

glutathioselenol

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

(S)-ureidoglycolate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate 6-phosphate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

glutathione disulfide

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

4-methylphenol

ethylphosphate

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoheme

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

siroheme

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

(S)-ureidoglycine

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

(R)-citramalate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

2-octaprenylphenol

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

preQ₀

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

K⁺

Na⁺

ammonium

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

Co²⁺

Zn²⁺

Mo²⁺

selenide

superoxide

hydrogencarbonate

selenate

nitrate

sulfate

selenite

OH^-

phosphonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

hydroxyl radical

pristanate

glycine betaine

betaine aldehyde hydrate

betaine aldehyde

choline

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

agmatine

putrescine

spermidine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

methanethiol

glutathione

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

linoleoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

methane

riboflavin

nicotinate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

FMNH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

ubiquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

XMP

dGMP

pppGpp

ppGpp

5'-deoxyadenosine

dATP

dGTP

IMP

GMP

adenylo-succinate

dADP

dGDP

GTP

GDP

AMP

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

hypoxanthine

2'-deoxyadenosine

ADP

ATP

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

5-fluorocytosine

5-fluorouracil

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

guanosine

adenosine

inosine

xanthosine

cytidine

uridine

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

dCTP

dUTP

dTTP

UTP

CTP

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

uridine 3'-monophosphate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

preQ₁

thymine

cytosine

uracil

guanine

adenine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

sirohydrochlorin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

4-hydroxybenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

hydroquinone

protocatechuate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

diacetyl

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-xylopyranose

β-L-rhamnopyranose

α-L-rhamnopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

ethanol

methanol

glycerol

D-mannitol 1-phosphate

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

raffinose

stachyose

sucrose

keto-D-fructose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

D-xylulose

L-ribulose

β-D-fructofuranose

L-fuculose

keto-L-rhamnulose

β-L-fucopyranose

α-L-fucopyranose

4-deoxy-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

L-fuculose 1-phosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

D-galactonate

D-gluconate

L-idonate

18-hydroxystearate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxyoleate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

tetraprenyl-β-curcumene

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

allantoate

(S)-(+)-allantoin

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

chorismate

L-aspartate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-oxoadipate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

acetate

formate

(R)-lactate

butanoate

decanoate

7-hydroxylaurate

laurate

octanoate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

linoleate

α-linolenate

stearate

palmitate

oleate

phytenate

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-serine

L-tyrosine

glycine

L-threonine

L-glutamine

L-cysteine

L-histidine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-glutamate

L-leucine

L-proline

L-alanine

L-tryptophan

L-isoleucine

L-phenylalanine

L-valine

L-methionine

β-alanine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

L-ornithine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-cystathionine

L-2,4-diaminobutanoate

L,L-diaminopimelate

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-selenomethionine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

L-homoserine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine