an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

L-selenocystathionine

N-Formyl-L-kynurenine

(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

homogentisate

4-maleyl-acetoacetate

N²-succinylglutamate

3-hydroxypropanoate

3-oxopropanoate

porphobilinogen

thiamine phosphate

ethanolamine

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

(R)-mevalonate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

thiamine diphosphate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

prephenate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

hexulose 6-phosphate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhepta-2,4-dienedioate

(4Z)-2-oxohept-4-enedioate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

quinolinate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

xanthine

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

anthranilate

lipid X

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

urea

cyanamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

4-fumaryl-acetoacetate

acetoacetate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

L-canavanine

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

DNA without lesion

histidinal

oxalosuccinate

coproporphyrinogen III

3-hydroxyanthranilate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

phosphoenolpyruvate

(S)-dihydroorotate

oxaloacetate

carbamoyl phosphate

carboxyphosphate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

5-aminolevulinate

carbonic acid

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

hydrogen peroxide

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

CO₂

3-deoxy-D-glycero-2,5-hexodiulosonate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

glycerone phosphate

citrate

L-histidinol phosphate

histidinol

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

H₂O

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

aminoacetone

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

4-oxoglutaramate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

selenodiglutathione

glutathioselenol

hydrogen selenide

glutathione disulfide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

lipid IV_A

formamide

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

(S)-ureidoglycolate

pimeloyl-CoA

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

3-phosphooxypyruvate

2-dehydropantoate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

urocanate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

ethylphosphate

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)alamin

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoheme

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

β-D-mannosyl-(C55 ω-saturated dolichyl phosphate)

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

ω-saturated C55 dolichol phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

2-octaprenylphenol

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

preQ₀

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

Fe³⁺

K⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

superoxide

sulfite

selenate

selenide

hydrogencarbonate

sulfate

hydrogensulfite

selenite

OH^-

phosphonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

hydroxyl radical

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

dehydrospermidine

spermidine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

methanethiol

glutathione

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

3-sulfino-L-alanine

3-methylcrotonyl-CoA

3-methylglutaconyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

isovaleryl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

riboflavin

thiamine

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

menadione

FMNH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

2'-deoxyinosine

hypoxanthine

2'-deoxyadenosine

dAMP

2'-deoxyguanosine

dGMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

adenylo-succinate

dADP

dATP

IDP

ITP

dIDP

dITP

dGDP

dGTP

GDP

GTP

IMP

GMP

XMP

AMP

ATP

ADP

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

cyclic-GMP

adenosine

inosine

guanosine

xanthosine

cytidine

uridine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

dTTP

dCTP

dUTP

UTP

CTP

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dCDP

dUDP

UDP

CDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-β-L-fucose

preQ₁

uracil

guanine

adenine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

coenzyme A

(6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydromonapterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

(6R)-4a-hydroxy-tetrahydrobiopterin

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

orotate

(+)-taxifolin

(+)-dihydrokaempferol

(+)-dihydromyricetin

kaempferol

quercetin

myricetin

4-hydroxybenzoate

urate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

protocatechuate

menadiol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

4-aminobenzoate

diacetyl

methylglyoxal

glycolaldehyde

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-xylopyranose

α-L-rhamnopyranose

β-L-rhamnopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

ethanol

methanol

glycerol

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

isoprimeverose

raffinose

stachyose

sucrose

4-deoxy-2-O-sulfo-β-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-D-N-sulfoglucosamine 6-O-sulfate

4-deoxy-β-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-D-N-sulfoglucosamine 6-O-sulfate

α,α-trehalose

keto-D-fructose

D-xylulose

L-ribulose

D-ribulose

β-D-fructofuranose

4-deoxy-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

D-mannonate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

cis-aconitate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-oxoadipate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

acetate

formate

(R)-lactate

laurate

8-[(1R,2R)-3-oxo-2-{(Z)-pent-2-enyl}cyclopentyl]octanoate

dinor-12-oxo-phytodienoate

stearate

palmitate

(R)-pantoate

L-kynurenine

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-serine

L-tyrosine

L-asparagine

L-threonine

glycine

L-glutamine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-histidine

L-glutamate

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-selenocysteine

L-leucine

L-alanine

L-phenylalanine

L-tryptophan

L-proline

L-methionine

β-alanine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-ornithine

L-cystathionine

L-isoglutamine

L,L-diaminopimelate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-saccharopine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

3-phospho-L-serine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

D-alanyl-D-alanine