an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

DNA without lesion

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

isochorismate

propanoyl phosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

hydrogen peroxide

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

oxalosuccinate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

shikimate

H₂O

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

CO₂

coproporphyrinogen III

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

citraconate

glutathione disulfide

phosphoenolpyruvate

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

3-phosphooxypyruvate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

citrate

methylsalicylate

salicyl alcohol

oxaloacetate

acetyl phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

O-acetyl-L-serine

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

2-dehydropantoate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

carboxyphosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

(E)-4-coumaroyl-CoA

3S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoyl-CoA

2,3-didehydroadipyl-CoA

isopentenyl diphosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

glycerone phosphate

carbonic acid

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

poly(ribitol phosphate)

L-canavanine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

anthranilate

shikimate 3-phosphate

prephenate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(R)-mevalonate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

histidinol

histidinal

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

glycolate

(S)-dihydroorotate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

2-keto-D-gluconate

thiamine diphosphate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

(lipoyl)adenylate

xanthine

autoinducer 2

prenyl diphosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

quinolinate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

urea

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

bisorganyltrisulfane

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-citrulline

L-leucine

L-proline

L-phenylalanine

L-glutamate

L-aspartate

glycine

L-tryptophan

L-glutamine

L-alanine

L-tyrosine

L-lysine

L-serine

L-arginine

L-threonine

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-asparagine

L-histidine

L-cysteine

L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-ornithine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-cystine

L-homocysteine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-canaline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine

L-selenomethionine

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

S-methyl-L-cysteine

S-methyl-L-methionine

3-phospho-L-serine

S-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-allyl-L-cysteine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

D-alanine

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

β-alanine

salicylate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

protocatechuate

4-aminobenzoate

acetate

(R)-pantoate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

palmitate

butanoate

laurate

13-[O(2')-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]docosanoate O(6'')-acetate

13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate

sophorosyloxydocosanoate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-cis-vaccenoyl phosphatidate

1,2-dicis-vaccenoyl-phosphatidate

(R)-lactate

pyruvate

formate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-oxoadipate

cis-aconitate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

all-trans-retinol

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

ferrichrome

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-palmitoyl-2-myristoyl phosphatidate

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-[18-hydroxyoeoyl]-2-[18-hydroxy-lioleoyl]-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1-cis-vaccenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-myristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

ADP-α-D-glucose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

arbutin-6-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

β-D-fructofuranose

α-D-galactopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

glycolaldehyde

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

sucrose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

stachyose

raffinose

hydroquinone

ethanol

methanol

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde

(R)-acetoin

diacetyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

guanine

adenine

AMP

IMP

XMP

GMP

ITP

ATP

GTP

IDP

GDP

ADP

dIDP

dGDP

dADP

dITP

dATP

dGTP

dGMP

dAMP

hypoxanthine

inosine

adenosine

guanosine

xanthosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydromonapterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

reduced riboflavin

FMNH₂

riboflavin

FMN

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

uracil

thymine

preQ₁

isoguanine

dCMP

dTDP

UTP

dUTP

CTP

dCTP

CDP

dCDP

UDP

dUDP

dTMP

dUMP

dTTP

UMP

CMP

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

coenzyme A

(R)-lipoate

5'-deoxyadenosine

adenylo-succinate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

ppGpp

pppGpp

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

glycine betaine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

nicotinate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

CoA-disulfide

3'-dephospho-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-hexa-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyhexanoyl)-CoA

(E)-2-methylcrotonoyl-CoA

3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-octa-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyoctanoyl)-CoA

(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

(3S)-hydroxyadipyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-buta-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxybutanoyl)-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

(9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-3-oxotetracosapentaenoyl-CoA

(7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-3-oxodocosatetraenoyl-CoA

(9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-3-oxotetracosatetraenoyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

(3R,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-3-hydroxydocosatetraenoyl-CoA

palmitoleoyl-CoA

myristoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

cis-vaccenoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(2E,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-3-hydroxytetracosapentaenoyl-CoA

(3R,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-3-hydroxytetracosatetraenoyl-CoA

18-hydroxylinoleoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3S,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-3-hydroxytetracosapentaenoyl-CoA

(3S,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-3-hydroxytetracosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxypentanoyl-CoA

(2E)-oct-2-enoyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

(2E,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosaheptaenoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-methyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-[(S)-allyl]-L-cysteine

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

methanethiol

S-sulfanylglutathione

putrescine

spermidine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

hydrogencarbonate

OH^-

chloride

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

Fe³⁺

Fe²⁺

Mo²⁺

Co²⁺

Zn²⁺

H⁺

ammonium

2-chloroacetate

preQ₀

(R)-citramalate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoheme

ethylphosphate

DNA with lesion

(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal