an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

H₂O

phosphoenolpyruvate

oxaloacetate

tartronate semialdehyde

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate

glycerone phosphate

CO₂

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

carbamoyl phosphate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

carboxyphosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

L-canavanine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

H₂

2-isopropylmaleate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

porphobilinogen

3-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

2-deoxygluconate

quercitrin

salicyl alcohol

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

urea-1-carboxylate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

CDP-glycerol

DNA without lesion

glycolate

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

(S)-dihydroorotate

hydrogen peroxide

O-ureido-L-homoserine

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

2-keto-D-gluconate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

thiamine phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

carbon monoxide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

coproporphyrinogen III

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

histidinol

histidinal

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

chloramphenicol

3-oxopropanoate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

L-histidinol phosphate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

urocanate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

crotonate

L-selenocystathionine

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate 6-phosphate

acetoacetate

O-acetyl-L-serine

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

ethanolamine

hydrogen selenide

2-dehydropantoate

thiamine diphosphate

urea

pseudouridine

imidazole acetol-phosphate

hydrogenobyrinate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

glutathione disulfide

glutathioselenol

selenodiglutathione

2,5-dioxopentanoate

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoheme

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobalt-precorrin-5A

cobalt-precorrin-4

L-homocysteine

DNA with lesion

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

carbamate

L-citrulline

L-methionine

L-tryptophan

L-glutamate

L-aspartate

L-phenylalanine

glycine

L-glutamine

L-threonine

L-serine

L-valine

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-alanine

L-isoleucine

L-leucine

L-proline

L-histidine

L-tyrosine

L-cysteine

L-ornithine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-canaline

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

meso-diaminopimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

seleno-L-homocysteine

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

3-phospho-L-serine

L-cystathionine

β-alanine

protocatechuate

4-aminobenzoate

acetate

D-mannonate

orotate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

(R)-pantoate

5-deoxy-D-glucuronate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

4-deoxy-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronate

butanoate

palmitate

(R)-glycerate

pyruvate

formate

propanoate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-oxoadipate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

D-glucarate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

ferrichrome

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

D-galactonate

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

CDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucose

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannose

CDP-α-D-glucose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

arbutin-6-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

p-nitrophenyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

L-ascorbate 6-phosphate

keto-L-tagatose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

erythrulose 1-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

β-L-rhamnopyranose

α-L-rhamnopyranose

β-D-fructofuranose

α-D-galactopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

keto-D-fructose

keto-L-rhamnulose

D-xylulose

L-ribulose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-galactosamine

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

glycerol

D-sorbitol 6-phosphate

galactitol 1-phosphate

sucrose

4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine

maltotetraose

maltohexaose

maltoheptaose

maltotriose

maltopentaose

stachyose

unsaturated gellan tetrasaccharide

raffinose

β-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→3)-D-Glcp

hydroquinone

1-keto-D-chiro-inositol

scyllo-inosose

3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione

ethanol

methanol

methylglyoxal

(S)-lactaldehyde

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

menadione

caldariellaquinone

diacetyl

quercetin

quercetin-3-glucoside

rutin

hesperidin

hesperitin-7-O-β-D-glucoside

prunin

naringin

menadiol

caldariellaquinol

4-nitrophenol

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

adenine

AMP

IMP

XMP

GMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

ADP

GDP

IDP

dADP

dGDP

dIDP

dATP

dGTP

dITP

adenosine

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

reduced riboflavin

FMNH₂

riboflavin

FMN

FAD

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

uracil

thymine

preQ₁

isoguanine

UDP

UTP

dUTP

CTP

dCTP

dCDP

dCMP

CDP

dUDP

dTTP

dTDP

dUMP

dTMP

UMP

CMP

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

precorrin-4

precorrin-3B

precorrin-3A

precorrin-2

precorrin-1

precorrin-5

precorrin-6A

precorrin-6B

precorrin-8x

precorrin-7

coenzyme A

adenylo-succinate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

5'-deoxyadenosine

pppGpp

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

ppGpp

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

NADH

NADPH

glycine betaine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

thiamine

nicotinate

malonyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

(2R)-ethylmalonyl-CoA

(2S)-ethylmalonyl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

methanethiol

choline

putrescine

spermine

spermidine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

molybdate

hydrogencarbonate

selenate

OH^-

selenite

sulfate

chloride

phosphate

diphosphate

Fe³⁺

Cd²⁺

Co²⁺

Fe²⁺

ammonium

H⁺

K⁺

2-chloroacetate

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

preQ₀

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2-iminobutanoate

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen