an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

bisorganyltrisulfane

enol-phenylpyruvate

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

selenodiglutathione

glutathioselenol

N-ethylammelide

hydrogen selenide

chloroacetaldehyde

L-histidinol phosphate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

pyruvic oxime

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole

dialurate

(R)-1-amino-2-propanol O-2-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

3-phosphooxypyruvate

quinolinate

2-iminoacetate

propanoyl phosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

salicyl alcohol

methylsalicylate

carbon monoxide

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

ammonia

hydroxylamine

5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate

acetyl phosphate

pimeloyl-CoA

dethiobiotin

2-dehydropantoate

lipid IV_A

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)hydroxybenzene 5'-phosphate

histidinal

histidinol

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-2,3-dioxopentyl 1-phosphate

ethanolamine

prephenate

hexulose 6-phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

prenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate

3-dehydroquinate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

squalene

hop-22(29)-ene

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

glycolate

urocanate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

α-ribazole

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

glutathione disulfide

hydroxypyruvate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

DNA without lesion

2-maleylacetate

lipid X

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

O-acetyl-L-serine

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

carbonic acid

4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

preuroporphyrinogen

deethylsimazine

N-ethylammeline

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

carboxyphosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

L-canavanine

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

5-deoxy-α-ribose 1-phosphate

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

urea

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

citrate

anthranilate

L-arginino-succinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

H₂

isopentenyl diphosphate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

5-aminolevulinate

porphobilinogen

hydrogen peroxide

glycerone phosphate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

S-adenosyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate

7,8-diaminopelargonate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

(S)-dihydroorotate

carbamoyl phosphate

oxaloacetate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

(3R,6R)-1,3,4,6-tetrachlorocyclohexa-1,4-diene

1,2-dichloroethane

2-chloroethanol

(1S,4R)-2,4,5-trichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-diol

(1S,4S)-2,5-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

oxalosuccinate

coproporphyrinogen III

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

CO₂

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

H₂O

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

2-phenylethanol

(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

DNA with lesion

4-methylphenol

L-homocysteine

phenylacetate

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)alamin

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosylcobinamide-GDP

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

adenosylcobinamide

adenosyl-cobinamide phosphate

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobyrate

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

protoheme

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrinogen IX

siroheme

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-chloroacetate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

(R)-citramalate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

2-octaprenylphenol

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

preQ₀

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2,5-dichlorophenol

Fe³⁺

ammonium

K⁺

H⁺

Fe²⁺

Mo²⁺

sulfate

hydrogensulfite

selenite

OH^-

nitrite

molybdate

sulfite

superoxide

selenate

hydrogencarbonate

nitrate

phosphonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

agmatine

putrescine

spermidine

spermine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

methanethiol

S-sulfanylglutathione

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

cis-dienelactone

trans-dienelactone

phenylacetyl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(2R,3S)-β-methylmalyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

phytanoyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA

cholest-4-en-3-one

cholesterol

cholest-5-en-3-one

(+)-7-epi-jasmonate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

nicotinate

riboflavin

all-trans-retinol

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin

5-formyl-tetrahydromethanopterin

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

FAD

FMNH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

ubiquinol-7

ubiquinol-9

ubiquinol-10

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-7

3-demethylubiquinol-9

3-demethylubiquinol-10

3-demethylubiquinol-8

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

cyclic-AMP

ppGpp

pppGpp

IDP

ITP

dIDP

dITP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

5'-deoxyadenosine

GMP

XMP

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

dATP

dGTP

AMP

dADP

dGDP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

GTP

IMP

adenylo-succinate

GDP

ATP

ADP

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

inosine

xanthosine

adenosine

guanosine

cytidine

uridine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

dTTP

dCTP

dUTP

UTP

CTP

dCMP

dTMP

dUMP

UMP

CMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-β-L-fucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

preQ₁

uracil

adenine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

molybdopterin

coenzyme A

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

guanylyl molybdenum cofactor

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

sirohydrochlorin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

molybdopterin adenine dinucleotide

cyclic pyranopterin phosphate

7,8-dihydromonapterin triphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydromonapterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

5,6,7,8-tetrahydromonapterin

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

orotate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

4-hydroxybenzoate

toluene

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

diacetyl

methylglyoxal

glycolaldehyde

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

aldehydo-D-xylose

methanol

ethanol

glycerol

xylitol

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

β-D-fructofuranose

UDP-2-deoxy-2-acetamido-3-dehydro-α-D-glucopyranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^G-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-4,4'-diapolycopene

4,4'-diapolycopen-4,4'-dial

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-benzyl-3,6-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

3-benzyl-3,6 -bis(glutathione)- 6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

cis-homoaconitate

(2R)-homocitrate

(3E,5R)-5-carboxy-2-oxohept-3-enedioate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

glyoxylate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

acetate

formate

(R)-lactate

laurate

stearate

palmitate

(R)-pantoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-serine

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

glycine

L-threonine

L-glutamine

L-lysine

L-histidine

L-arginine

L-glutamate

L-methionine

L-alanine

L-phenylalanine

L-proline

L-tryptophan

L-valine

L-isoleucine

L-leucine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

L-cystathionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-ornithine

L,L-diaminopimelate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

3-phospho-L-serine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-canaline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

O-phospho-L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine