an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-oxopropanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-indene-4-carboxylate

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

(2E)-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]prop-2-enoyl-CoA

5-hydroxy-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

propan-2-ol

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

(2Z,4E)-2-aminomuconate

selenodiglutathione

glutathioselenol

12α-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oyl-CoA

malonate

1-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-1D-myo-inositol

(3S,5S)-3,5-diaminohexanoate

glutathione disulfide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

(2E,4Z)-4-hydroxy-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate

formamide

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

mercuriphenyl acetate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

3-(4-deoxy-β-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

oxalate

4-methyl-3-oxoadipate-enol-lactone

4-methyl-3-oxoadipate

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

thiamine phosphate

thiamine diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

quinolinate

CDP-glycerol

dimethylamine

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

acetyl phosphate

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

4-fumaryl-acetoacetate

4-maleyl-acetoacetate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin

5-oxo-L-proline

3-ureidopropanoate

barbiturate

ureidomalonate

histidinal

histidinol

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

urea-1-carboxylate

3-mercaptopyruvate

secologanin

tryptamine

3-α(S)-strictosidine

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

2-succinylbenzoate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

7α,12α-dihydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oyl-CoA

12α-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4,6-dien-24-oyl-CoA

7-α,12-α-dihydroxy-3-oxochol-4-enoate

12-α-hydroxy-3 oxochola-4,6-dienoate

4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

preuroporphyrinogen

porphobilinogen

carbonic acid

macrocin

(S)-5-amino-3-oxohexanoate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

1-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

5-androstene-3,17-dione

5-α-androstan-3β,17β-diol

pregn-5-ene-3,20-dione-17-ol

pregn-5-ene-3,20-dione

(2S)-lactyl-2-diphospho-5'-guanosine

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

pimeloyl-CoA

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

anthranilate

3-hydroxyanthranilate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

3-methylbenzyl alcohol

3-methylbenzaldehyde

4-methylbenzyl alcohol

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

homogentisate

(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhepta-2,4-dienedioate

(4Z)-2-oxohept-4-enedioate

3-maleylpyruvate

4-methylgentisate

(2E)-3-methyl-4,6-dioxohept-2-enedioate

3-methylgentisate

(2E)-2-methyl-4,6-dioxohept-2-enedioate

(2R,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-p-cumate

2,3-dihydroxy-p-cumate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

(2Z,4E)-2-amino-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate

2-hydroxy-cyclohexane-1-carbonyl-CoA

2-ketocyclohexane-1-carbonyl-CoA

N-Formyl-L-kynurenine

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

benzoylsuccinyl-CoA

5-aminolevulinate

2-dehydropantoate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

(S)-5-hydroxyisourate

(S)-2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline

(S)-ureidoglycolate

urea

xanthine

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

4'-phosphopantetheine

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

O-ureido-L-homoserine

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

L-canavanine

glycolate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

salicyl alcohol

ethanolamine

L-β-lysine

1-(2-amino-2-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-1D-myo-inositol

hydrogen peroxide

phosphocholine

acetoacetate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxy-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate

(2E,4Z)-2-hydroxy-6-oxohepta-2,4-dienoate

(2E,4Z)-2-hydroxymuconate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxy-5-methyl-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate

2-hydroxy-6-oxohepta-2,4-dienoate

phthalate

phthalate 4,5-cis-dihydrodiol

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

(1E,2Z)-3-hydroxy-5,9,17-trioxo-4,5:9,10-disecoandrosta-1 (10),2-dien-4-oate

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate

2-oxopent-4-enoate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

(24E)-3α,7α-dihydroxy-5β-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA

(24R,25R)-3α,7α,24-trihydroxy-5β-cholestanoyl CoA

2-maleylacetate

4-prenylphlorisobutyrophenone

prenyl diphosphate

3-(O-geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

3-oxocholoyl-CoA

allopregnanolone

deoxycholoyl-CoA

12α-hydroxy-3-oxocholan-24-oyl-CoA

DNA without lesion

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

urocanate

isopentenyl diphosphate

3-oxopropanoate

4-aminobutanoate

succinate semialdehyde

prephenate

oxalosuccinate

oxaloacetate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

citrate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

glycerone phosphate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

hydrogen selenide

O-acetyl-L-serine

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

phosphoenolpyruvate

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

carbamoyl phosphate

carboxyphosphate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

CO₂

2,3-didehydroadipyl-CoA

3S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoyl-CoA

(E)-4-coumaroyl-CoA

H₂O

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

bisorganyltrisulfane

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(3E)-2-oxopent-3-enoate

4-oxalocrotonate

(2E)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

ammonia

S-(hydroxymethyl)mycothiol

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

picolinate

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

4-oxoglutaramate

(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

phenylacetate

hydrogen cyanide

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)alamin

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosylcobinamide

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoheme

uroporphyrinogen-III

uroporphyrinogen-I

coproporphyrinogen I

protoporphyrinogen IX

protoporphyrin IX

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

2-chloroacetate

sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-glycerate

2-[2-O-(α-D-mannopyranosyl)-(1→2)-α-D-glucopyranosyl]-3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-[2-O-(α-D-mannopyranosyl)-(1→2)-α-D-glucopyranosyl]-D-glycerate

2-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

(2S)-2-phospholactate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

(S)-ureidoglycine

(R)-citramalate

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

2-octaprenylphenol

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

2-nitrobenzoate

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

3-chlorobenzyl alcohol

3-chlorobenzaldehyde

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Hg²⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

Co²⁺

Mo²⁺

selenite

molybdate

OH^-

superoxide

selenate

sulfite

thiosulfate

hydrogencarbonate

sulfate

hydrogensulfite

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

pristanate

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

glycine betaine

betaine aldehyde hydrate

betaine aldehyde

choline

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

agmatine

putrescine

spermidine

γ-L-glutamyl-[(S)-allyl]-L-cysteine

S-allyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-methyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

mycothiol

glutathione

thiocyanate

deacetylmycothiol

S-sulfanylglutathione

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

(2R)-3-sulfolactate

(2R)-phospho-3-sulfolactate

3-sulfocatechol

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-ribofuranose 5-phosphate

tylosin

cis-dienelactone

trans-dienelactone

isovaleryl-CoA

2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA

L-carnitinyl-CoA

crotonobetainyl-CoA

3-methylcrotonyl-CoA

3-methylglutaconyl-CoA

phenylacetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

6-trans-tridecenoyl-CoA

2-trans-6-trans-tridecadienoyl-CoA

4-cis-undecenoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-cis-undecadienoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-butanoyl-CoA

6-cis-tridecenoyl-CoA

2-trans,6-cis-tridecadienoyl-CoA

(5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoA

(2E,5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-hexanoyl-CoA

5-cis, 7-trans-tetradecadienoyl-CoA

2-trans, 5-cis, 7-trans-tetradecatrienoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-octanoyl-CoA

4-trans-undecenoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-trans-undecadienoyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

(2S)-ethylmalonyl-CoA

(2R)-ethylmalonyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

benzoyl-CoA

5-aminolevulinyl-CoA

(S)-3-aminobutanoyl-CoA

linoleoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

(24R,25R)-3α,7α,12α,24-tetrahydroxy-5β-cholestanoyl CoA

(24E)-3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA

choloyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxybutanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-buta-2-enoyl)-CoA

(3S)-hydroxyadipyl-CoA

(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyoctanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-octa-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoA

(E)-2-methylcrotonoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyhexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-hexa-2-enoyl)-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

(2E,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosaheptaenoyl-CoA

(2E,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

(2E)-oct-2-enoyl-CoA

phytanoyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3S,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-3-hydroxytetracosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3S,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-3-hydroxytetracosapentaenoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA

(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosahexaenoyl-CoA

(6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-tetracosapentaenoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

(25S)-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oate

(25S)-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

cholest-4-en-3-one

cholest-dien-3-one

3-oxo-4-pregnene-20-carboxyl-CoA

3-oxo-23,24-bisnorchol-1,4-dien-22-yl-CoA

5-α-pregnane-3,20-dione

progesterone

deoxycholate

cholate

3-dehydrocholate

androsterone

5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α-triol

5β-cholestane-3α,7α-diol

5-α-androstan-3α,17β-diol

cholesterol

cholest-5-en-3-one

17-α-hydroxyprogesterone

17-β-hydroxy-5-α-androstan-3-one

campest-4-en-3β-ol

7α,12α-dihydroxy-5β-cholestan-3-one

7α-hydroxy-5β-cholestan-3-one

3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

3-hydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

9α-hydroxyandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

androst-4-ene-3,17-dione

androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

campest-4-en-3-one

5α-androstane-3,17-dione

testosterone

campesterol

nicotinate

riboflavin

thiamine

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydromethanopterin

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

menadione

FADH₂

FAD

FMNH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

caldariellaquinone

caldariellaquinol

ubiquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

cyclic-AMP

2'-deoxyguanosine

dIDP

dITP

IDP

ITP

cyclic-GMP

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

5'-deoxyadenosine

hypoxanthine

pppGpp

ppGpp

adenylo-succinate

XMP

GMP

IMP

dATP

dADP

dGTP

dGDP

GTP

GDP

AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

ATP

ADP

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

dTTP

dUTP

dCTP

UTP

CTP

dUMP

dTMP

dCMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

CDP

UDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

thymine

uracil

guanine

adenine

CDP-choline

5,6-dihydrouracil

5,6-dihydrothymine

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

molybdopterin

coenzyme A

oxidized coenzyme F₄₂₀-0

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

hydantoin

7,8-dihydrolumazine

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

molybdopterin adenine dinucleotide

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

cyclic pyranopterin phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

orotate

2-hydroxylaminobenzoate

benzene

4-hydroxyacetophenone

4-hydroxybenzoate

benzyl alcohol

urate

phenylacetaldehyde

benzaldehyde

4-methylbenzaldehyde

p-cumic aldehyde

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

4-isopropylbenzyl alcohol

hydroquinone

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

protocatechuate

8'-(3,4-dihydroxy-5-alkenyl)phenyl-3-[9'E,11'E,13'Z-pentadecatrienyl]catechol

catechol

4-methylcatechol

3-methylcatechol

dimeric urushiol peroxide

3-[(8Z,11E,13Z)-pentadeca-8,11,13-trien-1-yl] )catechol

menadiol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

all trans-decaprenyl-2-methoxy-6-1,4-benzoquinol

4-aminobenzoate

diacetyl

acetone

2,5-piperidinedione

methylglyoxal

1-octanal

1-propanal

butan-1-al

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

phytenal

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-ribofuranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

butan-1-ol

ethanol

methanol

phytol

1-octanol

sphingosine

sphingosine 1-phosphate

glycerol

1D-chiro-inositol

scyllo-inositol

myo-inositol

1-keto-D-chiro-inositol

3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione

scyllo-inosose

1D-myo-inositol 4-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 2-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 6-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 5-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

α,α-trehalose

keto-D-fructose

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

D-xylulose

β-D-fructofuranose

4-deoxy-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

α,α-trehalose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

D-gluconate

18-hydroxystearate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxyoleate

geranyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

3-oxo-24-ethyl-cholest-5-ene

3-oxo-24-ethyl-cholest-4-ene

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

phlorisovalerophenone

deoxyhumulone

deoxycohumulone

4-prenylphlorisovalerophenone

3-benzyl-3,6 -bis(cysteinylglycine)- 6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

3-benzyl-3,6-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

3-benzyl-3,6 -bis(glutathione)- 6-(hydroxymethyl)-diketopiperazine

allantoate

(S)-(+)-allantoin

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

chorismate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

succinate

L-aspartate

fumarate

(S)-malate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylpropanoate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-oxoadipate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

glyoxylate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

acetate

formate

propanoate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

butanoate

7-hydroxylaurate

laurate

octanoate

decanoate

gentisate

4-hydroxybutanoate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

(9Z,15Z)-12,13-epoxy-octadeca-9,15-dienoate

(12Z,15Z)-9,10-epoxyoctadeca-12,15-dienoate

(9Z,12Z)-15,16-epoxyoctadeca-9,12-dienoate

(9Z,15Z)-12,13-dihydroxyoctadeca-9,15-dienoate

(12Z,15Z)-9,10-dihydroxyoctadeca-12,15-dienoate

(9Z,12Z)-15,16-dihydroxyoctadeca-9,12-dienoate

linoleate

α-linolenate

stearate

palmitate

oleate

phytenate

(R)-pantoate

5-deoxy-D-glucuronate

L-kynurenine

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-serine

L-tyrosine

L-asparagine

L-threonine

L-glutamine

glycine

L-cysteine

L-histidine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-glutamate

L-phenylalanine

L-proline

L-alanine

L-tryptophan

L-leucine

L-valine

L-selenocysteine

L-isoleucine

L-methionine

(R)-β-lysine

β-alanine

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

(R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

D-alanine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-cystathionine

L-ornithine

L-isoglutamine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N⁶,N⁶-dimethyl-L-arginine

N-formyl-L-glutamate

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

L-saccharopine

3-phospho-L-serine

S-methyl-L-cysteine

(2S, 3S)-3-methylaspartate

N-carbamoylglycine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine

L-citrulline

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

hypoglycin A

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-canaline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

hypoglycin B

D-alanyl-D-lactate

L-cysteinylglycine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine