an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

phosphoenolpyruvate

H₂O

glycerone phosphate

acetyl phosphate

butanoyl phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

oxaloacetate

CO₂

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

4'-phosphopantetheine

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

carboxyphosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

hydrogenobyrinate

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

phosphocholine

choline

3-phosphonopyruvate

DNA without lesion

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

formate

propanoyl phosphate

dihydrolipoate

5-aminopentanoate

N-acetyl-β-glucosaminylamine

N⁴-(β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine

O-acetyl-L-serine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

mesaconate

citrate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

xanthine

cyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

(R)-3-(phenyl)lactoyl-CoA

glycolate

ethanolamine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

urocanate

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

thiamine diphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

hydrogen peroxide

selenophosphate

α-ribazole

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

5-hydroxytryptophol glucuronide

5-hydroxytryptophol

cotinine-glucuronide

cotinine

L-thyroxine acyl β-D-glucuronide

N-acetyl-serotonin glucuronide

L-thyroxine phenolic β-D-glucuronide

nicotine-glucuronide

N5-(L-1-carboxyethyl)-L-ornithine

L-selenocystathionine

2-oxopent-4-enoate

2,6-dioxo-6-phenylhexa-3-enoate

thiamine phosphate

3-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

2-deoxygluconate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

creatinine

urea

L-canavanine

dethiobiotin

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

isochorismate

7,8-diaminopelargonate

L-β-lysine

(S)-5-amino-3-oxohexanoate

(3S,5S)-3,5-diaminohexanoate

acetoacetate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

preuroporphyrinogen

porphobilinogen

autoinducer 2

glutathione disulfide

L-arginino-succinate

2-dehydropantoate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

quinolinate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

formamide

(S)-ureidoglycolate

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

oxamate

N-carbamoyl-2-oxoglycine

2'-(5''-triphospho-α-D-ribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA

4-oxoglutaramate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

aminoacetone

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

(2E)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(3E)-2-oxopent-3-enoate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-citrulline

L-cysteine

L-methionine

glycine

L-glutamate

L-aspartate

L-proline

L-phenylalanine

L-serine

L-glutamine

L-alanine

L-lysine

L-tyrosine

L-leucine

L-threonine

L-histidine

L-asparagine

L-arginine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-homocysteine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-ornithine

L-canaline

L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

seleno-L-homocysteine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-formimino-L-glutamate

sarcosine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

S-methyl-L-cysteine

(2S, 3S)-3-methylaspartate

S-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-allyl-L-cysteine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-cystathionine

L-isoglutamine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

D-proline

creatine

β-alanine

(R)-β-lysine

3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine

trans-cinnamate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

benzoate

4-aminobenzoate

allantoate

acetate

D-mannonate

orotate

mycophenolate

(R)-pantoate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

butanoate

oleate

4-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-lactate

pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

(S)-(+)-allantoin

trans-3-hydroxycotinine-glucuronide

trans-3'-hydroxycotinine

glucosyl-(heptosyl)₃-glucosyluronate-Kdo₂-lipid A-phosphate

glucosyl-(heptosyl)₃-Kdo₂-lipid A-phosphate

oleanolate 3 β-D-glucuronoside

oleanolate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

(S)-nicotine

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

1-(oleoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

ADP-α-D-glucose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

keto-L-tagatose 6-phosphate

erythrulose 1-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-ribopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

glycerol

maltotetraose

maltopentaose

maltotriose

maltohexaose

maltoheptaose

ethanol

butan-1-ol

methanol

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

butan-1-al

urate

N-acetyl-serotonin

3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine phenolic β-D-glucuronide

triiodothyroacetate ether glucuronide

3,3',5-triiodothyroacetate

tetraiodothyroacetate ether glucuronide

tetraiodothyroacetate

tetraiodothyroacetate ester glucuronide

3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine acyl β-D-glucuronide

triiodothyroacetate ester glucuronide

L-thyroxine

phenol

adenine

guanine

AMP

XMP

IMP

GMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

ADP

GDP

dGDP

dADP

dGTP

dATP

dAMP

dGMP

hypoxanthine

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

FMNH₂

reduced riboflavin

riboflavin

FMN

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

thymine

uracil

preQ₁

isoguanine

UDP

CDP-choline

CTP

UTP

dUMP

dUTP

dCMP

dCTP

dTMP

dTTP

dCDP

CDP

dUDP

dTDP

UMP

CMP

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

adenosylcobalamin

cobyrinate

precorrin-8x

precorrin-4

precorrin-3B

precorrin-2

precorrin-1

precorrin-3A

cobalt-precorrin-5A

cobalt-precorrin-4

coenzyme A

(R)-lipoate

5'-deoxyadenosine

ppGpp

pppGpp

cyclic-AMP

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

adenylo-succinate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

5-hydroxy-CMP

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

nicotinate

thiamine

cob(I)alamin

mycophenolic acid phenolic glucuronide

mycophenolic acid O-acyl-glucuronide

isobutanoyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

(R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA

benzoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

CoA-disulfide

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-aminobutanoyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(E)-cinnamoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-methyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-[(S)-allyl]-L-cysteine

glutathione

(2R)-phospho-3-sulfolactate

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

(2R)-3-sulfolactate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

methanethiol

spermidine

putrescine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

glycerophosphoserine

glycerophosphoglycerol

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

nitrate

hydrogencarbonate

selenide

OH^-

chloride

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

Fe³⁺

Co²⁺

Ni²⁺

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

ammonium

H⁺

2-chloroacetate

preQ₀

(S)-ureidoglycine

(R)-3-(phenyl)lactate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

protoporphyrinogen IX

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

uroporphyrinogen-I

protoheme

adenosylcobinamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosyl-cobinamide phosphate

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

phosphonoacetaldehyde

(2-aminoethyl)phosphonate

ethylphosphate

DNA with lesion