an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

enol-phenylpyruvate

aminoacetone

ammonia

lipid IV_A

2-keto-L-gulonate

shikimate

glutathione disulfide

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

7-epicholate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

thiamine diphosphate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

acetoacetate

acetyl phosphate

prephenate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

histidinal

histidinol

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

glycolate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

(R)-pantothenate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

carbon monoxide

xanthine

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

coenzyme B

methanophenazine

CoB-CoM heterodisulfide

dihydromethanophenazine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

propanoyl phosphate

(lipoyl)adenylate

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

2-dehydropantoate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

4'-phosphopantetheine

pimeloyl-CoA

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-ethylmalate

2-oxovalerate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

α-D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate

selenophosphate

carboxyphosphate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

L-canavanine

urea

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

4-aminobutanoate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

anthranilate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

L-selenocystathionine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

thiamine phosphate

prenyl diphosphate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

DNA without lesion

coproporphyrinogen III

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

lipid X

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhepta-2,4-dienedioate

(4Z)-2-oxohept-4-enedioate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

(S)-dihydroorotate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

phosphoenolpyruvate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

carbamoyl phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

quinolinate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

5-dehydro-D-gluconate

3-deoxy-D-glycero-2,5-hexodiulosonate

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

oxaloacetate

citrate

oxalosuccinate

H₂O

glycerone phosphate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

CO₂

hydrogen peroxide

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

phosphonoacetaldehyde

(2-aminoethyl)phosphonate

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoheme

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminopropanoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-chloroacetate

β-D-mannosyl-(C55 ω-saturated dolichyl phosphate)

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

ω-saturated C55 dolichol phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(R)-citramalate

2-octaprenylphenol

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

FMNH₂

FMN

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

caldariellaquinol

caldariellaquinone

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

hydroxyl radical

superoxide

Fe³⁺

ammonium

K⁺

H⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

sulfate

OH^-

selenide

hydrogencarbonate

sulfite

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

glutathione

methanethiol

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

coenzyme M

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

3-sulfino-L-alanine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

agmatine

dehydrospermidine

spermidine

putrescine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

urate

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

4-hydroxybenzoate

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

all trans-decaprenyl-2-methoxy-6-1,4-benzoquinol

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

protocatechuate

4-aminobenzoate

preQ₀

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

riboflavin

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate

3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

3-dehydrocholate

isocholate

glycocholate

chenodeoxycholate

cholate

7-oxolithocholate

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

3-oxoadipate

pyruvate

acetate

formate

propanoate

(R)-lactate

4-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-pantoate

orotate

D-mannonate

D-gluconate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

4-deoxy-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronate

D-tagaturonate

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-serine

β-alanine

L-leucine

L-alanine

L-proline

glycine

L-glutamine

D-glutamate

L-glutamate

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-histidine

L-tyrosine

L-phenylalanine

L-tryptophan

D-alanine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

3-phospho-L-serine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-methionine

L-cysteine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-asparagine

L-threonine

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-cystathionine

L-ornithine

L-citrulline

L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-canaline

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

meso-diaminopimelate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

glycerol

ethanol

methanol

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

maltotriose

raffinose

maltotetraose

stachyose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

4-deoxy-2-O-sulfo-β-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-D-N-sulfoglucosamine 6-O-sulfate

4-deoxy-β-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-D-N-sulfoglucosamine 6-O-sulfate

sucrose

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^G-phosphate

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-3-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-β-L-fucose

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

D-altronate

L-idonate

diacetyl

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

dTDP

dTTP

dUMP

dTMP

uracil

dUDP

CDP

dCMP

dCDP

UDP

dUTP

UTP

dCTP

CTP

UMP

CMP

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

hypoxanthine

adenine

guanine

isoguanine

preQ₁

xanthosine

guanosine

adenosine

inosine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

GTP

ATP

ADP

GDP

GMP

XMP

IMP

AMP

dATP

dGTP

dGDP

dADP

dAMP

dGMP

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

pppGpp

ppGpp

5'-deoxyadenosine

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

adenylo-succinate

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA