an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

H₂O

phosphoenolpyruvate

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

H₂

CO₂

oxalosuccinate

canavaninosuccinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

L-arginino-succinate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

glycerone phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

oxaloacetate

7,8-diaminopelargonate

S-adenosyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-deoxy-α-ribose 1-phosphate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

citrate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

anthranilate

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

carboxyphosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

L-canavanine

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

coproporphyrinogen III

3-phosphooxypyruvate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

thiamine phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

dihydromethanophenazine

CoB-CoM heterodisulfide

methanophenazine

coenzyme B

N-carbamoylputrescine

ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

ADP-D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

orotidine 5'-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

prephenate

DNA without lesion

3-dehydroquinate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

dethiobiotin

carbonic acid

preuroporphyrinogen

porphobilinogen

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

lipid IV_A

hydrogen peroxide

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

3-dehydroshikimate

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

lipid X

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

glycolate

pimeloyl-CoA

pimelate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

thiamine diphosphate

propanoyl phosphate

quinolinate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

2-iminoacetate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

ethylamine

N-ethylglycine

methylamine

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

2-dehydropantoate

L-histidinol phosphate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

(lipoyl)adenylate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-2,3-dioxopentyl 1-phosphate

methylsalicylate

salicyl alcohol

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

CDP-glycerol

(S)-dihydroorotate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2-oxopent-4-enoate

shikimate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine

histidinol

histidinal

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

mercuriphenyl acetate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

O-acetyl-L-serine

hydrogen selenide

3-hydroxypropanoate

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

urea

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

glutathione disulfide

2-hydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)-3-oxopent-1-enyl 1-phosphate

1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one

2-oxoglutaramate

autoinducer 2

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

bisorganyltrisulfane

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-citrulline

L-aspartate

L-phenylalanine

L-threonine

L-glutamate

L-glutamine

L-tryptophan

L-serine

glycine

L-isoleucine

L-alanine

L-arginine

L-leucine

L-valine

L-histidine

L-lysine

L-proline

L-tyrosine

L-cysteine

L-methionine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-ornithine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-homocysteine

L-canaline

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

L-selenocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

sarcosine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

3-phospho-L-serine

L,L-diaminopimelate

D-alanine

D-glutamate

β-alanine

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

acetate

orotate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

(R)-pantoate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

pristanate

palmitate

stearate

octanoate

laurate

7-hydroxylaurate

decanoate

18-hydroxyoleate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxystearate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

oleate

phytenate

linoleate

α-linolenate

(R)-2-hydroxybutanoate

pyruvate

formate

propanoate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

glyoxylate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

nicotinamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IV_A

(heptosyl)₂-Kdo₂-lipid A

heptosyl-Kdo₂-lipid A

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

all-trans-retinol

4α-methyl-5α-cholesta-8-en-3-ol

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

GDP-α-D-mannose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 5-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 6-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 2-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 4-monophosphate

butan-1-ol

ethanol

methanol

acetaldehyde

butan-1-al

menadione

caldariellaquinone

diacetyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

benzene

4-hydroxybenzoate

menadiol

caldariellaquinol

4-methylphenol

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

guanine

adenine

IMP

AMP

XMP

GMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

ADP

GDP

IDP

dGDP

dADP

dIDP

dATP

dGTP

dITP

hypoxanthine

inosine

adenosine

guanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

tetrahydromethanopterin

6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

molybdopterin adenine dinucleotide

molybdopterin

cyclic pyranopterin phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

5,10-methylene-tetrahydromethanopterin

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

riboflavin

FMN

FAD

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

uracil

preQ₁

isoguanine

CTP

UTP

UDP

dUTP

dCTP

dUDP

CDP

dCDP

dTMP

dUMP

dTTP

dTDP

dCMP

UMP

CMP

cob(I)alamin

adenosylcobalamin

sirohydrochlorin

precorrin-2

precorrin-1

coenzyme A

coenzyme M

(R)-lipoate

adenylo-succinate

5'-deoxyadenosine

ppGpp

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

pppGpp

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

nicotinate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

ethene

(indol-3-yl)acetate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

4α-methyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3-one

3-dehydro-4-methylzymosterol

4α-methyl-5α-cholesta-8-en-3-one

5α-cholesta-8-en-3-one

zymosterone

7-oxolithocholate

4α-methyl-5α-cholest-7-en-3β-ol

4α-methyl-5α-cholesta-8,24-dien-3β-ol

zymostenol

zymosterol

cholate

chenodeoxycholate

succinyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

linoleoyl-CoA

3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

glutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

methanethiol

S-sulfanylglutathione

agmatine

spermidine

putrescine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

hydrogencarbonate

thiosulfate

OH^-

molybdate

chloride

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

Fe³⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

Hg²⁺

Mo²⁺

Cu²⁺

H⁺

K⁺

ammonium

2-chloroacetate

preQ₀

(indole-3-yl)acetonitrile

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

ω-saturated C55 dolichol phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

β-D-mannosyl-(C55 ω-saturated dolichyl phosphate)

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrinogen IX

protoporphyrin IX

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-I

Mg-protoporphyrin

siroheme

protoheme

adenosylcobinamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

ethylphosphate

DNA with lesion