an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(S)-dihydroorotate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

H₂O

oxaloacetate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

CO₂

(S)-2-acetolactate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

L-canavanine

butanoyl phosphate

canavaninosuccinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

L-arginino-succinate

3-dehydroshikimate

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

glycerone phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

autoinducer 2

shikimate

phosphoenolpyruvate

citrate

oxalosuccinate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

acetyl phosphate

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

carboxyphosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

succinate semialdehyde

quinolinate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

hydrogen peroxide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

isopentenyl diphosphate

DNA without lesion

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

salicyl alcohol

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

citraconate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

(R)-mevalonate

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

ethanolamine

histidinol

histidinal

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

glycolate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

isochorismate

xanthine

selenophosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

3-oxopropanoate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate

5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

prephenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

thiamine diphosphate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

prenyl diphosphate

CDP-glycerol

N5-(L-1-carboxyethyl)-L-ornithine

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

shikimate 3-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

methylsalicylate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

O-acetyl-L-serine

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

(lipoyl)adenylate

porphobilinogen

preuroporphyrinogen

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

propanoyl phosphate

4-aminobutanoate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

glutathione disulfide

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

urea

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

(R)-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2-chloroacetate

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminopropanoate

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

protoporphyrinogen IX

protoporphyrin IX

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-I

uroporphyrinogen-III

hemin

protoheme

cob(I)alamin

adenosylcobalamin

adenosylcobinamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobyrate

phenylacetate

L-homocysteine

DNA with lesion

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

all-trans-retinol

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-(18-hydroxyoleoyl)-sn-glycrol 3-phosphate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

18-hydroxyoleate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxystearate

6-aminopenicillanate

penicillin G

isopenicillin N

ferrichrome

iron(III) dicitrate

betanidin quinone

betanidin

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

carbamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-2-aminoadipate

L-citrulline

L-methionine

L-phenylalanine

L-aspartate

L-isoleucine

L-threonine

glycine

L-valine

L-tryptophan

L-serine

L-glutamate

L-glutamine

L-tyrosine

L-asparagine

L-arginine

L-alanine

L-leucine

L-histidine

L-proline

L-lysine

L-cysteine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

O-phospho-L-homoserine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-canaline

L-ornithine

L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

S-methyl-L-methionine

3-phospho-L-serine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

D-glutamate

D-alanine

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

salicylate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

acetate

D-gluconate

5-chloro-5-deoxy-D-ribonate

orotate

5-deoxy-D-glucuronate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

pristanate

butanoate

stearate

palmitate

decanoate

octanoate

laurate

7-hydroxylaurate

phytenate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

oleate

linoleate

α-linolenate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

pyruvate

formate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

arbutin-6-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-arabinofuranose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

β-D-cellobiose 6'-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

β-D-fructofuranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-ribofuranose

glycolaldehyde

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

glycerol

D-mannitol 1-phosphate

β-D-cellobiose

hydroquinone

myo-inositol

scyllo-inositol

1D-chiro-inositol

scyllo-inosose

3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione

1-keto-D-chiro-inositol

ethanol

methanol

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

(R)-acetoin

2,5-piperidinedione

diacetyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

4-hydroxybenzoate

baicalein

6,7-dehydrobaicalein

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

all trans-decaprenyl-2-methoxy-6-1,4-benzoquinol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

3-demethylubiquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

ubiquinol-8

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

adenine

guanine

AMP

XMP

IMP

GMP

ATP

ITP

GTP

ADP

GDP

IDP

dGDP

dADP

dIDP

dITP

dGTP

dATP

hypoxanthine

xanthosine

adenosine

inosine

guanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

7,8-dihydromonapterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

FADH₂

FMNH₂

reduced riboflavin

FMN

riboflavin

FAD

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

thymine

uracil

preQ₁

isoguanine

UDP

CDP

dCDP

dUDP

dTMP

dUMP

dUTP

CTP

dCTP

UTP

dTTP

dTDP

dCMP

UMP

CMP

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

coenzyme A

(R)-lipoate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

adenylo-succinate

5'-deoxyadenosine

pppGpp

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

ppGpp

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

NADH

NADPH

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

glycine betaine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

nicotinate

thiamine

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal

ethene

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

acetyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

linoleoyl-CoA

5-aminolevulinyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

methanethiol

putrescine

spermidine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

glycerophosphoserine

glycerophosphoglycerol

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

hydroxyl radical

superoxide

Fe³⁺

Fe²⁺

Mn²⁺

Cu²⁺

Co²⁺

Zn²⁺

H⁺

K⁺

Na⁺

ammonium

hydrogencarbonate

OH^-

selenide

chloride

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

preQ₀

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

2-octaprenylphenol

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(R)-citramalate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate