an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

prephenate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

quinolinate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

hydrogen peroxide

urea

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

histidinal

presqualene diphosphate

squalene

15-cis-4,4'-diapophytoene

methylsalicylate

histidinol

selenophosphate

thiamine phosphate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

isochorismate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

imidazole acetol-phosphate

L-histidinol phosphate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

carbonic acid

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

2-succinylbenzoate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(S)-dihydroorotate

poly(ribitol phosphate)

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

2-dehydropantoate

L-canavanine

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

autoinducer 2

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

(R)-mevalonate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

phosphoenolpyruvate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

DNA without lesion

salicyl alcohol

4'-phosphopantetheine

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

thiamine diphosphate

2-oxopent-4-enoate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

2-maleylacetate

ethanolamine

propanoyl phosphate

glycolate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

glutathione disulfide

glycerone phosphate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

acetyl phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

xanthine

carbamoyl phosphate

carboxyphosphate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

L-arginino-succinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

oxaloacetate

CO₂

H₂O

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

3-oxopropanoate

4-aminobutanoate

succinate semialdehyde

(R)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(S)-methylmalonate-semialdehyde

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoate

preQ₀

2-chloroacetate

selenide

hydrogencarbonate

nitrate

phosphonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

H⁺

Na⁺

ammonium

Zn²⁺

Co²⁺

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

glycine betaine

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

N¹-acetylspermidine

N-acetylputrescine

N¹-acetylspermine

spermidine

putrescine

spermine

γ-L-glutamyl-[(S)-allyl]-L-cysteine

S-allyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-methyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

glutathione

methanethiol

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

4,4'-diapolycopenedioate glycosyl diester

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

cis-dienelactone

trans-dienelactone

methylacrylyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

CoA-disulfide

3'-dephospho-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

riboflavin

thiamine

nicotinate

all-trans-retinol

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

FAD

FADH₂

FMN

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

demethylmenaquinol-8

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

ppGpp

XTP

dIDP

dITP

IDP

dAMP

ITP

pppGpp

2'-deoxyguanosine

dGMP

GMP

hypoxanthine

dGTP

dATP

GTP

XMP

dADP

dGDP

GDP

IMP

adenylo-succinate

ADP

ATP

AMP

(R)-NADPHX

(S)-NADPHX

P¹,P⁴-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

dCTP

dUTP

dTTP

UTP

CTP

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

preQ₁

uracil

guanine

adenine

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

coenzyme A

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

2-amino-6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-7-methyl-7,8-dihydropterin

[1-(2-amino-7-methyl-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-3H-pteridin-6-yl)]ethyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydromonapterin

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

orotate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

hydroquinone

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

all trans-decaprenyl-2-methoxy-6-1,4-benzoquinol

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

diacetyl

(R)-acetoin

methylglyoxal

glycolaldehyde

butan-1-al

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

butan-1-ol

ethanol

methanol

sphingosine

sphingosine 1-phosphate

glycerol

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

octyl α-D-glucopyranoside

octyl β-1,6-D-galactofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside

XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

raffinose

stachyose

sucrose

keto-D-fructose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

D-xylulose

β-D-fructofuranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

D-gluconate

1-(oleoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

geranyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

4,4'-diapolycopen-4,4'-dial

all-trans-4,4'-diapolycopene

all-trans-4,4'-diapophytofluene

all-trans-4,4'-diapo-ζ-carotene

all-trans-4,4'-diaponeurosporene

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

4,4'-diapolycopenedioate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

acetate

formate

propanoate

(R)-lactate

laurate

sophorosyloxydocosanoate

13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate

13-[O(2')-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]docosanoate O(6'')-acetate

stearate

palmitate

oleate

(R)-pantoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-serine

L-cysteine

L-threonine

L-tyrosine

L-glutamine

L-asparagine

glycine

L-lysine

L-histidine

L-arginine

L-glutamate

L-leucine

L-proline

L-tryptophan

L-valine

L-phenylalanine

L-isoleucine

L-alanine

L-methionine

β-alanine

(S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

D-alanine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-ornithine

L-cystathionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

L-saccharopine

3-phospho-L-serine

S-methyl-L-cysteine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

L-citrulline

L-canaline

L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-homocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

DNA with lesion

ethylphosphate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate