an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

phosphoenolpyruvate

H₂O

CO₂

glutathione disulfide

5-methylcytosine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

glycerone phosphate

N-carbamoylputrescine

carbamoyl phosphate

S-formylglutathione

oxaloacetate

4-guanidinobutanoate

4-guanidinobutyramide

acrylate

acrylamide

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

propionamide

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

dihydroxyacetone

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

acetyl phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

histidinol

histidinal

isopentenyl diphosphate

canavaninosuccinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

L-arginino-succinate

(S)-dihydroorotate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

CDP-glycerol

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

(R)-mevalonate

xanthine

phosphocholine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

salicyl alcohol

glycolate

DNA without lesion

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

2-keto-D-gluconate

ethyl acetate

2-dehydropantoate

hydrogen peroxide

(R)-10-Hydroxystearate

selenophosphate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

O-acetyl-L-serine

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

carbonic acid

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

(lipoyl)adenylate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

methylsalicylate

3-hydroxypropanal

1,3-propanediol

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

thiamine diphosphate

thiamine triphosphate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

propanoyl phosphate

ethanolamine

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

L-canavanine

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

carboxyphosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

N5-(L-1-carboxyethyl)-L-ornithine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate 6-phosphate

prephenate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

urea

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

L-histidinol phosphate

quinolinate

autoinducer 2

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

L-citrulline

L-cysteine

L-methionine

glycine

L-serine

L-aspartate

L-tryptophan

L-glutamate

L-phenylalanine

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-alanine

L-histidine

L-arginine

L-asparagine

L-glutamine

L-proline

L-leucine

L-tyrosine

L-lysine

L-ornithine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-canaline

L-homoserine

L-homocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

S-methyl-L-cysteine

L,L-diaminopimelate

S-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-allyl-L-cysteine

D-glutamate

D-alanine

β-alanine

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

acetate

orotate

D-gluconate

(R)-pantoate

D-mannonate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

palmitate

butanoate

oleate

(R)-lactate

pyruvate

formate

propanoate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

chorismate

(4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate

succinate

fumarate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

acetamide

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

all-trans-retinol

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

geraniol

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

D-galactonate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

ADP-α-D-glucose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

arbutin-6-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

β-D-fructofuranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-ribofuranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

glycerol

D-mannitol 1-phosphate

α,α-trehalose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

hydroquinone

(S)-propane-1,2-diol

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

ethanol

butan-1-ol

propan-1-ol

methanol

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde

1-propanal

formaldehyde

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

urate

demethylmenaquinol-8

guanine

adenine

AMP

XMP

IMP

GMP

ATP

GTP

ITP

ADP

GDP

IDP

dGDP

dADP

dIDP

dGTP

dATP

dITP

dGMP

hypoxanthine

inosine

adenosine

guanosine

xanthosine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

7,8-dihydrolumazine

7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

reduced riboflavin

FMNH₂

riboflavin

FMN

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

thymine

uracil

cytosine

preQ₁

isoguanine

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

dTMP

dUMP

CDP

dCDP

UDP

dUDP

CTP

UTP

dCTP

dUTP

dTTP

dTDP

dCMP

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

CDP-choline

UMP

CMP

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

5-fluorouracil

cob(I)alamin

adenosylcobalamin

coenzyme A

(R)-lipoate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-dGTP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

adenylo-succinate

pppGpp

ppGpp

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluorocytosine

glycine betaine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

nicotinate

thiamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal

ethene

(indol-3-yl)acetate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

butyl acetate

geranyl acetate

acetyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

malonyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxypentanoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-methyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-[(S)-allyl]-L-cysteine

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

methanethiol

thiocyanate

choline

agmatine

spermidine

putrescine

glycerophosphoserine

glycerophosphoglycerol

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

superoxide

hydroxyl radical

hydrogensulfite

hydrogencarbonate

sulfite

thiosulfate

selenide

OH^-

chloride

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

Fe³⁺

Mn²⁺

Co²⁺

Zn²⁺

Fe²⁺

Na⁺

ammonium

H⁺

2-chloroacetate

hydrogen cyanide

preQ₀

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2-iminosuccinate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

hemin

adenosylcobyrate

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobinamide

cob(I)inamide

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

ethylphosphate

DNA with lesion