an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

ammonia

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

1,2-dihydro-β-NADP

quinolinate

oxidized DCPIP

reduced DCPIP

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

urea

4-aminobutanoate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

O-acetyl-L-serine

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

2-hydroxyformononetin

(3R)-sophorol

2'-hydroxypseudobaptigenin

prephenate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

N5-(L-1-carboxyethyl)-L-ornithine

2-dehydropantoate

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

ethyl acetate

L-histidinol phosphate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

citrate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

(R)-mevalonate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

phosphocholine

CDP-glycerol

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate 6-phosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

ethanolamine

carbonic acid

carboxyphosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

L-canavanine

xanthine

propanoyl phosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

autoinducer 2

(indol-3-yl)pyruvate

thiamine triphosphate

thiamine diphosphate

hydrogen peroxide

prenyl diphosphate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

chloramphenicol

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

anthranilate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

glycolate

methylsalicylate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

DNA without lesion

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

selenophosphate

(lipoyl)adenylate

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone

methyl-1,4-benzoquinol

(3R,5S)-3-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

salicyl alcohol

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

succinate semialdehyde

histidinal

histidinol

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

S-formylglutathione

dihydroxyacetone

glutathione disulfide

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

propionamide

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

acrylamide

acrylate

4-guanidinobutyramide

4-guanidinobutanoate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

5-aminolevulinate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

L-arginino-succinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

isopentenyl diphosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

oxaloacetate

acetyl phosphate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

CO₂

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

carbamoyl phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

glycerone phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

H₂O

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

2-chloroacetate

OH^-

superoxide

selenide

hydrogencarbonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

chloride

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Fe²⁺

hydroxyl radical

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

pristanate

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

choline

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

cadaverine

γ-L-glutamyl-[(S)-allyl]-L-cysteine

S-allyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-methyl-L-cysteine

γ-L-glutamyl-(S)-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-trans-1-propenyl-L-cysteine

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

methanethiol

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

geranyl acetate

butyl acetate

(3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoyl-CoA

(3S)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoyl-CoA

CoA-disulfide

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

linoleoyl-CoA

α-linolenoyl-CoA

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

phytenoyl-CoA

ω-carboxy-(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

7-hydroxylauroyl-CoA

18-hydroxystearoyl-CoA

16-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA

18-hydroxyoleoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxypentanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(Z)-15-tetracosenoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

pristanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

ethene

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

thiamine

riboflavin

nicotinate

all-trans-retinol

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

pyridoxal

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

FMNH₂

FMN

ubiquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

isoguanine

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-GTP

cyclic-AMP

dGMP

dIDP

dITP

IDP

ITP

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

pppGpp

ppGpp

hypoxanthine

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

adenylo-succinate

dATP

dGTP

GTP

dADP

dGDP

GDP

GMP

ADP

IMP

XMP

ATP

AMP

xanthosine

guanosine

inosine

adenosine

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-hydroxy-dATP

5-hydroxy-CTP

5-hydroxy-CMP

dTTP

dUTP

dCTP

UTP

CTP

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

CMP

UMP

dTDP

dUDP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

ADP-α-D-glucose

uracil

thymine

adenine

guanine

preQ₁

CDP-choline

UDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

7,8-dihydrolumazine

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

reduced riboflavin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

orotate

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)alamin

(3R)-vestitone

4-hydroxybenzoate

urate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

hydroquinone

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

methylglyoxal

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribopyranose

α-L-rhamnopyranose

β-L-rhamnopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

(1R,2R,4S)-limonene-1,2-diol

(1S,2S,4R)-limonene-1,2-diol

butan-1-ol

ethanol

methanol

glycerol

D-sorbitol

L-iditol

D-mannitol 1-phosphate

geraniol

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

maltotriose

raffinose

maltotetraose

stachyose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

sucrose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

keto-L-sorbose

keto-D-fructose

β-D-fructofuranose

keto-L-rhamnulose

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-allulose 6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

aldehydo-D-allose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stems (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer with pentapeptide stem (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

D-mannonate

D-gluconate

18-hydroxystearate

16-hydroxypalmitate

18-hydroxyoleate

(+)-(1S,4R)-limonene-1,2- epoxide

(1S,4R)-1-hydroxymenth-8-en-2-one

(1R,4S)-1-hydroxymenth-8-en-2-one

geranyl diphosphate

(4R)-7-hydroxy-4-isoprenyl-7-methyl-2-oxo-oxepanone

(4S)-7-hydroxy-4-isoprenyl-7-methyl-2-oxo-oxepanone

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

acetamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

pyruvate

acetate

formate

propanoate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

butanoate

decanoate

7-hydroxylaurate

laurate

octanoate

4-hydroxybutanoate

(15Z)-tetracosenoate

linoleate

α-linolenate

stearate

oleate

palmitate

phytenate

(R)-pantoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

carbamate

D-aspartate

D-alanine

D-glutamate

L-tyrosine

L-histidine

L-phenylalanine

L-tryptophan

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-leucine

L-proline

L-lysine

L-glutamine

L-arginine

L-asparagine

L-alanine

L-valine

L-isoleucine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-threonine

L-cystathionine

L-ornithine

L-glutamate

L-aspartate

L-serine

L-methionine

L-cysteine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-selenomethionine

3-phospho-L-serine

S-methyl-L-cysteine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-methionine

trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline

L-citrulline

L-homoserine

L-canaline

L-homocysteine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

meso-diaminopimelate

glycine

β-alanine

chorismate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

α,ω-9Z-octadecenedioate

(3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoate

(3S)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

DNA with lesion

ethylphosphate

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosylcobinamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobyrate

protoporphyrinogen IX

protoporphyrin IX

hydrogen sulfide

oxygen

2-iminosuccinate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

2-octaprenylphenol

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

preQ₀

chloramphenicol 3-acetate