an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

2-carboxy-L-threo-pentonate

2-carboxy-L-xylonolactone

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

2,3-dioxo-L-gulonate

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

dehydroascorbate (bicyclic form)

pyruvic oxime

L-dehydro-ascorbate

α-D-galacturonate 1-phosphate

L-xylo-hex-3-ulono-1,4-lactone

L-gulono-1,4-lactone

orotidine 5'-phosphate

autoinducer 2

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

formamide

2-iminoacetate

acetoacetate

(S)-5-amino-3-oxohexanoate

(3S,5S)-3,5-diaminohexanoate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

ammonia

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

7-epicholate

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

dialurate

(R)-1-amino-2-propanol O-2-phosphate

hydrogen peroxide

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

L-canavanine

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

α-ribazole

dihydroxyacetone

salicyl alcohol

methylsalicylate

quinolinate

nigerose

2-oleoylglycerol

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

2,5-diaminohexanoate

ethanolamine

hydroxylamine

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

hydrogen selenide

thiamine diphosphate

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

acetyl phosphate

xanthine

DNA without lesion

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

5-methylcytosine

(S)-dihydroorotate

aminoacetone

O-ureido-L-homoserine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

prenyl diphosphate

propionamide

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

acrylamide

acrylate

4-guanidinobutyramide

4-guanidinobutanoate

urocanate

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

coproporphyrinogen III

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

cyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

L-tartrate

cis-coumarinic acid-β-D-glucoside

scopolin

4-hydroxybenzaldehyde

4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside

oxalosuccinate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

oxaloacetate

citrate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

O-acetyl-L-serine

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-ribulose 1-phosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(R)-pantothenate

glycerone phosphate

L-β-lysine

4'-phosphopantetheine

4-imidazolone-5-propanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

2-dehydropantoate

CO₂

phosphoenolpyruvate

hydroxypyruvate

H₂

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

carbamoyl phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

H₂O

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

butanoyl phosphate

4-methylphenol

L-homocysteine

hippurate

DNA with lesion

ethylphosphate

cobalt-factor III

cobalt-precorrin-3

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cobalt-precorrin-7

cobalt-precorrin-8

cobalt-precorrin-6B

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-6A

cobalt-precorrin-4

cobalt-precorrin-5A

adenosylcobyrate

Mg-protoporphyrin

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

cob(I)alamin

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosylcobinamide

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

adenosyl-cobinamide phosphate

adenosylcobinamide-GDP

protoheme

hydrogen cyanide

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

α-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate 9-phosphate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

CMP-N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

monodehydroascorbate radical

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

dimethyl sulfide

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

(2R)-3-sulfolactate

(2R)-phospho-3-sulfolactate

Fe³⁺

ammonium

H⁺

Mo²⁺

Co²⁺

Mg²⁺

Fe²⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

molybdate

nitrate

hydrogencarbonate

thiosulfate

selenide

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

spermidine

putrescine

choline

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

acetamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

nicotinamide

3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate

3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

3-dehydrocholate

isocholate

glycocholate

cholate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

(S)-3-aminobutanoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

benzoyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(E)-glutaconyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

L-galactono-1,4-lactone

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

FMNH₂

FMN

FAD

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

coenzyme A

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

L-ascorbate

thiamine

nicotinate

riboflavin

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

menadione

all-trans-retinol

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

sirohydrochlorin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

guanine

adenine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyinosine

guanosine

inosine

xanthosine

adenosine

hypoxanthine

dAMP

dGMP

dIMP

dITP

dGTP

dATP

dIDP

dGDP

dADP

IDP

GDP

ADP

IMP

XMP

GMP

AMP

XTP

ITP

GTP

ATP

dCMP

orotate

UTP

dUDP

dUTP

dTTP

dCDP

dCTP

CDP

cytosine

dUMP

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

uracil

CTP

dTMP

dTDP

UDP

UDP-α-D-galacturonate

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

5-fluorouracil

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

thymine

UMP

CMP

preQ₁

coumarin

scopoletin

4-methylumbelliferone

preQ₀

(indole-3-yl)acetonitrile

neolinustatin

lotaustralin

linustatin

linamarin

taxiphyllin

2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile

(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanenitrile

urate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

menadiol

coumarinate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

benzoate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

L-aspartate

(S)-malate

D-threo-isocitrate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

propanoate

acetate

pyruvate

formate

butanoate

oleate

palmitate

D-gluconate

(R)-pantoate

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

aldehydo-D-glucuronate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

glyoxylate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-serine

β-alanine

L-leucine

L-glutamine

L-proline

L-alanine

glycine

L-glutamate

D-glutamate

L-histidine

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

L-asparagine

L-threonine

L-tryptophan

L-phenylalanine

D-aspartate

D-lysine

D-alanine

D-nopaline

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

(2S, 3S)-3-methylaspartate

formyl-L-isoglutamine

N-formimino-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

L-citrulline

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

L-cystine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-ornithine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-selenocysteine

L-methionine

L-isoglutamine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-cystathionine

methylglyoxal

butan-1-al

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

L-glyceraldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

butan-1-ol

methanol

ethanol

glycerol

myo-inositol

scyllo-inosose

3D-(3,5/4)-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1-(oleoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

maltotriose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

α-maltose

sucrose

β-D-cellobiose

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

β-D-fructofuranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

D-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannose

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

aldehydo-L-galactonate

L-gulonate

adenylo-succinate

5'-deoxyadenosine

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

pppGpp

ppGpp

5-fluorocytosine

reduced β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

D-alanyl-D-alanine