an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

2-oleoylglycerol

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

cis-coumarinic acid-β-D-glucoside

L-arginino-succinate

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

4-aminobutanoate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

4-(γ-L-glutamylamino)butanoate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

salicyl alcohol

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

poly(ribitol phosphate)

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

5-hydroxyindole thiazolidine carboxylate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

acetoacetate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

2-keto-D-gluconate

glycerone phosphate

H₂O

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

2-O-(6-phospho-α-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate

CO₂

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

CDP-glycerol

hexulose 6-phosphate

prenyl diphosphate

(1R,2R)-cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

(R)-mevalonate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

2'-(5''-triphospho-α-D-ribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

autoinducer 2

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

carbamoyl phosphate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

(S)-dihydroorotate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

glycolate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

phosphoenolpyruvate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

xanthine

citrate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

L-selenocystathionine

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine

acetyl phosphate

thiamine diphosphate

3-keto-L-gulonate 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

4-deoxy-4-formamido-α-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate

UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-β-L-arabinopyranose

oxalosuccinate

morphinone

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

thiamine phosphate

oxalate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

quinolinate

4-guanidinobutanoate

hydrogen peroxide

4-guanidinobutyramide

dihydroxyacetone

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

propionamide

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

indole-3-glycol

acrylate

acrylamide

oxaloacetate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

2-methylbutanal

2-methylbutanol

isopentenyl diphosphate

succinate semialdehyde

enol-phenylpyruvate

isobutanol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoyl-CoA

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

5-hydroxytryptophol

3-methylbutanal

3-methylbutanol

DNA without lesion

orotidine 5'-phosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

2-phenylethanol

ethanolamine

S-formylglutathione

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

pseudouridine

scopolin

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

carbon monoxide

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

7-epicholate

5-ureidoimidazole-4-carboxylate

5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylate

4-aminoimidazole

3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

3-keto-β-D-galactose

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

H₂

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

4-hydroxybenzaldehyde

2-iminoacetate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-citrulline

L-methionine

L-proline

L-aspartate

L-asparagine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-threonine

L-valine

L-cysteine

glycine

L-alanine

L-glutamate

L-glutamine

L-tyrosine

L-serine

L-phenylalanine

L-leucine

L-histidine

L-ornithine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-cystathionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

D-glutamate

D-aspartate

D-alanine

L-selenomethionine

seleno-L-homocysteine

N-formimino-glycine

S-methyl-L-methionine

3-phospho-L-serine

IMP

AMP

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

ADP

ATP

GDP

GMP

dGDP

dADP

adenosine 2'-monophosphate

cyclic-AMP

XMP

pppGpp

ppGpp

dATP

hypoxanthine

GTP

dGTP

2'-deoxyinosine

dAMP

2'-deoxyadenosine

dGMP

2'-deoxyguanosine

guanosine 2'-monophosphate

adenylo-succinate

5'-deoxyadenosine

adenine

guanine

purine

uracil

thymine

cytidine 2'-monophosphate

uridine 2'-monophosphate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

dUDP

dCDP

dTDP

dUTP

dCTP

dTTP

dUMP

dTMP

dCMP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

CMP

UMP

UDP

CDP

CTP

UTP

NADPH

NADH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

uridine 3'-monophosphate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

inosine

adenosine

xanthosine

guanosine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

2'-deoxycytidine

uridine

cytidine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

ADP-D-ribose

GDP-α-D-mannose

orotate

FMNH₂

reduced riboflavin

FMN

FAD

riboflavin

7,8-dihydropteroate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

coumarin

scopoletin

4-methylumbelliferone

parathion

urate

4-tyrosol

6,8-dihydroxypurine

8-hydroxypurine

4-methylphenol

protocatechuate

benzoate

coumarinate

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

phenylacetaldehyde

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

hydroquinone

3-demethylubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

ubiquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-8

catechol

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

aniline

(3E,5Z)-tetradeca-3,5-dienoyl-CoA

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

cephalosporin C

deacetylcephalosporin C

morphine

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

isobutanoyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

dihomo γ-linolenoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

(3S)-citryl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

oxalyl-CoA

formyl-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

D-gluconate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

β-D-cellobiose

sucrose

melibiose

α-lactose

raffinose

stachyose

XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribopyranose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

glycerol

D-mannitol 1-phosphate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

3'-ketolactose

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

L-ascorbate 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

β-D-cellobiose 6'-phosphate

lotaustralin

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

neolinustatin

linamarin

linustatin

taxiphyllin

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

1-propanal

isobutanal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

butan-1-al

phytenal

pyruvate

glyoxylate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-oxoadipate

acetate

(3E,5Z)-tetradecadienoate

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoate

palmitate

stearate

di-homo-γ-linolenate

sophorosyloxydocosanoate

13-[O(2')-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]docosanoate O(6'')-acetate

13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate

butanoate

cis-aconitate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

D-threo-isocitrate

propanoate

formate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

(R)-glycerate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

hydrogen cyanide

(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanenitrile

2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile

dimethyl sulfide

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

methionol

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

thiocyanate

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

nicotinamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

acetamide

estrone

17β-estradiol

(+)-7-epi-jasmonate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate

cholate

glycocholate

isocholate

3-dehydrocholate

thiamine

nicotinate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

hydrogensulfite

thiosulfate

sulfate

hydrogencarbonate

sulfite

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

Na⁺

ammonium

Ca²⁺

Mg²⁺

Co²⁺

Cu²⁺

Cd²⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

spermidine

putrescine

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

propan-1-ol

phytol

ethanol

butan-1-ol

methanol

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

coenzyme A

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-D-glutamate

glycyl-L-glutamine

glycyl-L-aspartate

L-alanyl-L-glutamine

L-alanyl-L-leucine

glycyl-L-asparagine

L-alanyl-L-aspartate

L-alanyl-L-histidine

L-alanyl-L-glutamate

glycyl-L-glutamate

L-cysteinylglycine

glycyl-L-proline

glycyl-L-methionine

L-alanyl-glycine

L-alanyl-L-threonine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-methionyl-L-alanine dipeptide

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

4-dimethylaminophenylazobenzene

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

oxygen

adenosylcobyrate

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

ethylphosphate

DNA with lesion

hippurate