an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

urea

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

pyruvic oxime

cyclic-2,3-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

dehydroascorbate (bicyclic form)

cyclic- 3,4-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

2,3-dioxo-L-gulonate

2-carboxy-L-xylonolactone

2-carboxy-L-threo-pentonate

H₂O

glycerone phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

hydrogen peroxide

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

CO₂

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

acetyl phosphate

porphobilinogen

5-aminolevulinate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

selenophosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

DNA without lesion

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

hydroxylamine

O-ureido-L-homoserine

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

lipid X

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

preuroporphyrinogen

orotidine 5'-phosphate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

acetoacetate

4-fumaryl-acetoacetate

(S)-dihydroorotate

coproporphyrinogen III

2-succinylbenzoate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

lipid IV_A

thiamine diphosphate

thiamine phosphate

shikimate

L-canavanine

canavaninosuccinate

L-arginino-succinate

5-oxo-L-proline

3-ureidopropanoate

ADP-L-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

ADP-D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

4'-phosphopantetheine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

α-D-galactosyl-diphosphoundecaprenol

S-Inosyl-L-homocysteine

S-methyl-5'-thioinosine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

carbonic acid

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

7,8-diaminopelargonate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

S-adenosyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate

dethiobiotin

pimeloyl-CoA

anthranilate

3-hydroxyanthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

quinolinate

oxaloacetate

5-methylcytosine

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

4-aminobutanoate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)aminobenzene-5'-phosphate

4-pyridoxolactone

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

2-oleoylglycerol

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

β-D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

CDP-glycerol

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

carbon monoxide

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

xanthine

5-formyl-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-4-carboxylate

3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate

3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-5-carboxylate

succinate semialdehyde

(2Z)-2-(acetamidomethylene)succinate

3-dehydroquinate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

2-iminoacetate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

N-Formyl-L-kynurenine

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate

D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

isochorismate

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

homogentisate

4-maleyl-acetoacetate

ammonia

L-gulono-1,4-lactone

L-xylo-hex-3-ulono-1,4-lactone

α-D-galacturonate 1-phosphate

L-dehydro-ascorbate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

superoxide

monodehydroascorbate radical

nitric oxide

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

oxygen

uroporphyrinogen-I

protoporphyrinogen IX

Mg-protoporphyrin

protoporphyrin IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

siroheme

protoheme

hydrogen cyanide

cobalt-precorrin-2

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

cobalt-precorrin-5A

cobalt-precorrin-4

cobalt-precorrin-6A

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-6B

cobalt-precorrin-8

cobalt-precorrin-7

cobalt-precorrin-3

cobalt-factor III

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

DNA with lesion

L-homocysteine

4-methylphenol

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-kynurenine

L-lysine

L-arginine

N^ω-hydroxy-L-arginine

L-glutamate

D-glutamate

L-glutamine

L-serine

L-proline

glycine

L-leucine

L-alanine

β-alanine

(R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-tryptophan

L-methionine

L-cysteine

L-aspartate

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-asparagine

L-tyrosine

L-ornithine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-threonine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-formyl-L-methionine

L-citrulline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-canaline

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine

N-carbamoylglycine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-acetyl-L-methionine

D-alanine

AMP

ATP

ADP

GDP

GTP

GMP

XMP

dADP

dGDP

IMP

dITP

dIDP

ITP

IDP

dGTP

dATP

adenylo-succinate

5'-deoxyadenosine

dIMP

XTP

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

hypoxanthine

2'-deoxyguanosine

dGMP

dAMP

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-α-D-mannuronate

GDP-4-dehydro-α-D-rhamnose

GDP-α-D-glucose

5-fluorocytosine

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

5,6-dihydrothymine

5,6-dihydrouracil

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-galacturonate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

preQ₁

thymine

uracil

cytosine

cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

dTMP

dUMP

dCMP

dCDP

dUDP

dTDP

dUTP

dCTP

dTTP

CDP

UDP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

CTP

UTP

CMP

UMP

adenosine

guanosine

inosine

xanthosine

cytidine

uridine

5-fluorouracil

D-gluconate

L-gulonate

aldehydo-L-galactonate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

6-deoxy-5-ketofructose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

glycerol

β-D-fructofuranose

glycolaldehyde

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-β-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

N-acetyl-β-neuraminate

α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IV_A

α-Kdo-(2->4)-α-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IV_A

maltotriose

sucrose

maltotetraose

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

ethanol

methanol

methylglyoxal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

diacetyl

acetate

pyruvate

formate

propanoate

(R)-lactate

3-(carbamoylamino)-2-methylpropanoate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

glyoxylate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

4-aminobenzoate

orotate

aldehydo-D-glucuronate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

urate

demethylmenaquinol-8

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

2-amino-5-formylamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

preQ₀

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropterin-6-ylmethyl-4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)aminobenzene 5'-phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

riboflavin

FMN

FAD

FMNH₂

reduced riboflavin

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

hydantoin

sirohydrochlorin

precorrin-2

precorrin-1

thiamine

nicotinate

nicotinamide

L-ascorbate

pyridoxal

pyridoxamine

pyridoxine

4-pyridoxate

coenzyme A

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

isobutanoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

L-galactono-1,4-lactone

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

cadaverine

putrescine

spermidine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

trimethyl sulfonium

sulfite

selenide

thiosulfate

hydrogensulfite

hydrogencarbonate

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

Co²⁺

H⁺

ammonium

dimethyl sulfide

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

thiocyanate