an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

ammonia

6-carboxyhex-2-enoyl-CoA

pimeloyl-CoA

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

urea

H₂

oxalosuccinate

2-iminoacetate

pseudouridine

autoinducer 2

shikimate 3-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

ectoine

3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one

4-aminoimidazole

5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylate

5-ureidoimidazole-4-carboxylate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

thiamine phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

hydroxypyruvate

quinolinate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

L-arginino-succinate

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-indene-4-carboxylate

(2E)-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]prop-2-enoyl-CoA

5-hydroxy-3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1,5-dioxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]propanoate

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoate

(1E,2Z)-3-hydroxy-5,9,17-trioxo-4,5:9,10-disecoandrosta-1 (10),2-dien-4-oate

3-oxopimeloyl-CoA

3-hydroxypimeloyl-CoA

cyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

cyclohex-1-ene-1-carbonyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

3-[(3aS,4S,5R,7aS)-5-hydroxy-7a-methyl-1-oxo-octahydro-1H-inden-4-yl]-3-oxopropanoyl-CoA

3S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoyl-CoA

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxo-propanoyl-CoA

O-ureido-L-homoserine

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

CDP-glycerol

nigerose

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

poly(ribitol phosphate)

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

L-selenocystathionine

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

glycolate

hydrogen peroxide

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

shikimate

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

(R)-pantothenate

(2Z,4E)-2-amino-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate

(2Z,4E)-2-aminomuconate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

α-ribazole

S-(hydroxymethyl)mycothiol

S-formylmycothiol

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

3-keto-β-D-galactose

dihydroxyacetone

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(R)-mevalonate

CO₂

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

2'-(5''-triphospho-α-D-ribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA

oxaloacetate

citrate

(S)-ureidoglycolate

N-carbamoyl-2-oxoglycine

thiamine diphosphate

isopentenyl diphosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

DNA without lesion

glycerone phosphate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

2-hydroxy-cyclohexane-1-carbonyl-CoA

2-ketocyclohexane-1-carbonyl-CoA

3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate

arsenite

phosphoenolpyruvate

acetyl phosphate

xanthine

H₂O

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

DNA with lesion

ethylphosphate

(2-aminoethyl)phosphonate

adenosylcobalamin

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobyrate

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

protoheme

protoporphyrin IX

oxygen

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

coenzyme A

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

FAD

FMNH₂

FMN

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

NADH

NADPH

nicotinamide

nicotinate

riboflavin

thiamine

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

trimethyl sulfonium

hydrogencarbonate

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

Cd²⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

Co²⁺

Ni²⁺

H⁺

Na⁺

ammonium

dimethyl sulfide

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

spermidine

putrescine

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

glycerol

ethanol

protocatechuate

ethylene glycol

(S)-propane-1,2-diol

(R)-propane-1,2-diol

(R,R)-2,3-butanediol

4-methylphenol

L-homocysteine

24-hydroxy-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

3,24-dioxocholest-4-en-26-oyl-CoA

3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

3-hydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione

9α-hydroxyandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

androst-4-ene-3,17-dione

androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

L-serine

D-glutamate

L-glutamate

L-arginine

L-lysine

glycine

L-alanine

L-glutamine

L-leucine

L-aspartate

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

L-asparagine

L-phenylalanine

D-methionine

D-alanine

D-aspartate

seleno-L-homocysteine

N-formimino-glycine

N-formyl-L-methionine

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

L-methionine

L-ornithine

L-cystathionine

L-citrulline

L-canaline

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

chorismate

fumarate

(S)-malate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

acetate

pyruvate

formate

butanoate

3-oxoadipate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

glyoxylate

2-oxoglutarate

4-aminobenzoate

D-gluconate

cis-aconitate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

D-threo-isocitrate

(R)-acetoin

glycolaldehyde

1-propanal

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

(R)-lactaldehyde

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

3'-ketolactose

GDP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^G-phosphate

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

α-lactose 6'-phosphate

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

maltotetraose

stachyose

maltotriose

raffinose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

α-maltose

allolactose

melibiose

sucrose

α-lactose

1-kestotriose

benzoyl-CoA

glutaryl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxybutanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxobutanoyl)-CoA

(3S)-hydroxyadipyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyhexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxohexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyoctanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxooctanoyl)-CoA

CoA-disulfide

3'-dephospho-CoA

acetyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(S)-malyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

3-oxoadipyl-CoA

3-oxohexanoyl-CoA

3-oxooctanoyl-CoA

3-oxodecanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyhexanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

8-hydroxypurine

6,8-dihydroxypurine

urate

7,8-dihydrolumazine

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

adenine

guanine

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

guanosine

xanthosine

adenosine

inosine

purine

hypoxanthine

dAMP

dGMP

dITP

dGTP

dATP

dIDP

dGDP

dADP

ITP

GTP

ATP

IDP

ADP

GDP

AMP

XMP

IMP

GMP

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

uridine 2'-monophosphate

cytidine 2'-monophosphate

dTDP

dTTP

dUDP

dUTP

dCTP

uridine 3'-monophosphate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

CDP

dCMP

dCDP

dUMP

dTMP

CTP

uracil

UDP

UTP

uridine

cytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

UMP

CMP

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

5'-deoxyadenosine

adenosine 2'-monophosphate

guanosine 2'-monophosphate

adenylo-succinate

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

pppGpp

ppGpp

cyclic-AMP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

2-iminosuccinate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine amide

D-alanyl-D-alanine