an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

pseudouridine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

4-aminobutanoate

mercuriphenyl acetate

quinolinate

2-iminoacetate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one

4-aminoimidazole

5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylate

5-ureidoimidazole-4-carboxylate

oxalosuccinate

citrate

H₂

7-epicholate

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

carbon monoxide

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

L-arginino-succinate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

glycolate

trans-O-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate

DNA without lesion

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

3-deoxy-D-glycero-2,5-hexodiulosonate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

carbamoyl phosphate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

(2Z,4E)-2-amino-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate

N-acetyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

α-D-galactosyl-diphosphoundecaprenol

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

enol-phenylpyruvate

4'-phosphopantetheine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(R)-mevalonate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxo-propanoyl-CoA

prenyl diphosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

poly (glycerol phosphate)

o-(α-D-glucosyl)-polyglycerol phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

CDP-glycerol

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

2-phenylethanol

2-methylbutanol

2-methylbutanal

3-methylbutanol

3-methylbutanal

isobutanol

indole-3-glycol

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

5-hydroxytryptophol

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

succinate semialdehyde

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

(R)-pantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

poly(ribitol phosphate)

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

hydrogen peroxide

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

glutathione disulfide

oxaloacetate

salicyl alcohol

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

oxalate

3-keto-β-D-galactose

xanthine

thiamine diphosphate

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

CO₂

isopentenyl diphosphate

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

cis-coumarinic acid-β-D-glucoside

scopolin

4-hydroxybenzaldehyde

4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

dihydroxyacetone

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

acetyl phosphate

ethanolamine

H₂O

glycerone phosphate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

picolinate

ammonia

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

DNA with lesion

ethylphosphate

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobalt-factor III

cobalt-precorrin-3

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cobalt-precorrin-7

cobalt-precorrin-8

cobalt-precorrin-6B

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-6A

cobalt-precorrin-4

cobalt-precorrin-5A

cobyrinate

hydrogen cyanide

uroporphyrinogen-III

siroheme

Hg⁰

oxygen

2-chloroacetate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

hydroxyl radical

dimethyl sulfide

methionol

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

glutathione

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

trimethyl sulfonium

hydrogencarbonate

chloride

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

Fe³⁺

ammonium

H⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

Cu²⁺

Zn²⁺

Cd²⁺

Hg²⁺

Co²⁺

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

putrescine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoserine

glycerophosphoglycerol

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

nicotinamide

3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate

3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

3-oxo-4-pregnene-20-carboxyl-CoA

3,22-dioxochol-4-en-24-oyl-CoA

3-dehydrocholate

isocholate

glycocholate

cholate

succinyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

(5E)-3-oxo-dodec-5-enoyl-CoA

(3E)-dec-3-enoyl-CoA

5-cis, 7-trans-3-oxo-tetradecadienoyl-CoA

(3Z,5E)-dodeca-3,5-dienoyl-CoA

4-trans-3-oxo-undecenoyl-CoA

2-trans-nonenoyl-CoA

6-trans-3-oxo-tridecenoyl-CoA

4-trans-undecenoyl-CoA

6-cis, 3-oxo-tridecenoyl-CoA

4-cis-undecenoyl-CoA

4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxobutanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-butanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxohexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-hexanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxooctanoyl)-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

oxalyl-CoA

formyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(3Z)-dodec-3-enoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

hexanoyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxooctanoyl-CoA

3-oxododecanoyl-CoA

3-oxodecanoyl-CoA

3-oxohexanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-(5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoA

3-oxo-myristoyl-CoA

FMN

FAD

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

NADH

NADPH

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

menaquinol-8

menaquinol-6

menaquinol-7

demethylmenaquinol-8

demethylmenaquinol-6

demethylmenaquinol-7

coenzyme A

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

nicotinate

thiamine

riboflavin

pyridoxal

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

sirohydrochlorin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

guanine

adenine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

inosine

adenosine

guanosine

xanthosine

purine

hypoxanthine

dAMP

dGMP

dATP

dGTP

dGDP

dADP

GDP

ADP

XMP

GMP

IMP

AMP

GTP

ATP

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

orotate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

dTTP

dUDP

dCDP

dCTP

dCMP

uracil

dUTP

dUMP

dTMP

dTDP

UTP

UDP

CTP

CDP

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

uridine

cytidine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

UMP

CMP

2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate

scopoletin

coumarin

4-methylumbelliferone

neolinustatin

lotaustralin

linustatin

linamarin

taxiphyllin

2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile

(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanenitrile

benzene

8-hydroxypurine

6,8-dihydroxypurine

urate

4-tyrosol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

phenylacetaldehyde

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

hydroquinone

4-methylphenol

protocatechuate

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

coumarinate

4-aminobenzoate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-serine

glycine

L-glutamine

L-alanine

L-leucine

L-glutamate

D-glutamate

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-aspartate

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

L-asparagine

L-phenylalanine

D-aspartate

D-alanine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

N-formimino-glycine

L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

L-citrulline

L-valine

L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homocysteine

L-ornithine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-methionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

pyruvate

acetate

formate

butanoate

3-oxoadipate

D-gluconate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

a coenzyme-A group

diacetyl

(R)-acetoin

butan-1-al

1-propanal

isobutanal

acetaldehyde

phytenal

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

butan-1-ol

propan-1-ol

ethanol

methanol

phytol

glycerol

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

maltotriose

raffinose

maltotetraose

stachyose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

α-maltose

melibiose

sucrose

α-lactose

β-D-cellobiose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

β-D-fructofuranose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

3'-ketolactose

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

β-D-cellobiose 6'-phosphate

α-lactose 6'-phosphate

GDP-α-D-mannose

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

8-oxo-GTP

8-oxo-GMP

8-oxo-dGTP

8-oxo-dGMP

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

5'-deoxyadenosine

pppGpp

ppGpp

adenylo-succinate

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine