an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-β-L-arabinopyranose

4-deoxy-4-formamido-α-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate

glutathione disulfide

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate

thiamine phosphate

2-oleoylglycerol

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

S-formylglutathione

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

DNA without lesion

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

(R)-pantothenate

autoinducer 2

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

succinate semialdehyde

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

ethanolamine

dihydroxyacetone

thiamine diphosphate

oxalate

arsenite

xanthine

4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside

cis-coumarinic acid-β-D-glucoside

4-hydroxybenzaldehyde

scopolin

4-(γ-L-glutamylamino)butanoate

4-aminobutanoate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

salicyl alcohol

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

α-ribazole

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

hydrogen peroxide

poly(ribitol phosphate)

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(1R,2R)-cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol

CDP-glycerol

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

acrylamide

acrylate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

(S)-2-acetolactate

4-guanidinobutyramide

4-guanidinobutanoate

propionamide

N⁴-(β-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine

N-acetyl-β-glucosaminylamine

morphinone

(R)-mevalonate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

prenyl diphosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

(S)-dihydroorotate

carbamoyl phosphate

CO₂

orotidine 5'-phosphate

oxaloacetate

phosphoenolpyruvate

isopentenyl diphosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

acetyl phosphate

L-selenocystathionine

3-keto-β-D-galactose

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

glycerone phosphate

H₂O

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

ammonia

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

oxalosuccinate

H₂

citrate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

7-epicholate

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

L-arginino-succinate

quinolinate

2-iminoacetate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

pseudouridine

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one

4-aminoimidazole

5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylate

5-ureidoimidazole-4-carboxylate

carbon monoxide

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

trimethyl sulfonium

sulfate

sulfite

thiosulfate

hydrogensulfite

hydrogencarbonate

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

ammonium

H⁺

Na⁺

K⁺

Ca²⁺

Mg²⁺

Co²⁺

Cd²⁺

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

dimethyl sulfide

glutathione

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

thiocyanate

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

N¹-acetylspermidine

N-acetylputrescine

N¹-acetylspermine

cadaverine

spermidine

putrescine

spermine

acetamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

nicotinamide

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-tyrosine

L-phenylalanine

D-alanine

D-aspartate

D-glutamate

L-selenomethionine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

seleno-L-homocysteine

N-formimino-glycine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

L-methionine

L-alanine

glycine

L-isoleucine

L-leucine

L-cysteine

L-ornithine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-lysine

L-threonine

L-serine

L-asparagine

L-aspartate

L-cystathionine

L-glutamine

L-glutamate

L-arginine

L-citrulline

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-homoserine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

acetate

D-gluconate

orotate

3-oxoadipate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

pyruvate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

(S)-malate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

(R)-glycerate

formate

propanoate

butanoate

protocatechuate

4-aminobenzoate

benzoate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-mannose

β-D-mannopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

aldehydo-L-arabinose

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

isobutanal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

diacetyl

(R)-acetoin

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

3'-ketolactose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

lotaustralin

taxiphyllin

linustatin

linamarin

neolinustatin

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

UDP-α-D-galactose

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannose

ADP-D-ribose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

β-D-cellobiose 6'-phosphate

α-lactose 6'-phosphate

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

glycerol

L-arabinitol

L-iditol

D-sorbitol

galactitol

D-mannitol

β-D-fructofuranose

keto-D-fructose

keto-L-sorbose

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltotriose

maltopentaose

maltotetraose

α-maltose

melibiose

sucrose

α-lactose

β-D-cellobiose

XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

stachyose

raffinose

6_G-kestotriose

1,6-kestotetraose

1-kestotriose

1,1-kestotetraose

6-kestotriose

6,6-kestotetraose

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoglycerol

ethanol

methanol

hydroquinone

catechol

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

succinyl-CoA

formyl-CoA

oxalyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

morphine

4-methylumbelliferone

scopoletin

coumarin

3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate

3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

glycocholate

cholate

3-dehydrocholate

isocholate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

4-vinylguaiacol

8-hydroxypurine

6,8-dihydroxypurine

urate

ferulate

coumarinate

4-methylphenol

demethylmenaquinol-8

ubiquinol-8

menaquinol-8

3-demethylubiquinol-8

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

adenine

guanine

hypoxanthine

purine

dGMP

dAMP

dGTP

dATP

dADP

dGDP

GTP

ATP

GDP

ADP

AMP

XMP

GMP

IMP

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyinosine

guanosine

xanthosine

adenosine

inosine

riboflavin

FMN

FAD

reduced riboflavin

FMNH₂

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

dTTP

dUDP

dTDP

dCTP

dUTP

dCMP

dCDP

CDP

uracil

dUMP

dTMP

CTP

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

UDP

uridine 3'-monophosphate

UTP

CMP

UMP

cytidine

uridine

thymidine

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

adenosylcobalamin

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

cyclic-AMP

adenylo-succinate

ppGpp

pppGpp

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

5'-deoxyadenosine

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

NADH

NADPH

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

DNA with lesion

ethylphosphate

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobyrate

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

hydrogen cyanide

oxygen

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile

(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanenitrile

coenzyme A

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

nicotinate

thiamine

pyridoxine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

hippurate