an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

H₂

carbon monoxide

acetoacetate

(2R,4S)-2, 4-diaminopentanoate

(2R)-2-amino-4-oxopentanoate

L-arginino-succinate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

2-keto-L-gulonate

hydrogenobyrinate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

4-aminobutanoate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

nigerose

DNA without lesion

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

(lipoyl)adenylate

pseudouridine

2-iminoacetate

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

2'-(5''-triphospho-α-D-ribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA

citrate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

3-keto-β-D-galactose

chloramphenicol

(R)-pantothenate

5-aminopentanoate

dihydrolipoate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

tartronate semialdehyde

poly(ribitol phosphate)

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

2-carboxy-L-threo-pentonate

2-carboxy-L-xylonolactone

2,3-dioxo-L-gulonate

cyclic- 3,4-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

dehydroascorbate (bicyclic form)

cyclic-2,3-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

ammonia

L-dehydro-ascorbate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

(R)-mevalonate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

cis-coumarinic acid-β-D-glucoside

scopolin

4-hydroxybenzaldehyde

4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside

α-D-galactosyl-diphosphoundecaprenol

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

CDP-glycerol

poly (glycerol phosphate)

prenyl diphosphate

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

quinolinate

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

thiamine diphosphate

dihydrolipoamide

S-acetyldihydrolipoamide

oxaloacetate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

thiamine phosphate

ethanolamine

isochorismate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

L-quinate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

shikimate 3-phosphate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

carbamoyl phosphate

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

autoinducer 2

hydrogen peroxide

isopentenyl diphosphate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

coproporphyrinogen III

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

xanthine

acetyl phosphate

arsenite

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

dihydroxyacetone

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

methylsalicylate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

2-phenylethanol

2-methylbutanol

2-methylbutanal

3-methylbutanol

isobutanol

indole-3-glycol

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

5-hydroxytryptophol

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

4'-phosphopantetheine

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methylbutanal

CO₂

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

glycerone phosphate

5-dehydro-D-gluconate

3-deoxy-D-glycero-2,5-hexodiulosonate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

5-methylcytosine

salicyl alcohol

3-dehydroquinate

3-dehydroshikimate

H₂O

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

DNA with lesion

cobalt-factor III

cobalt-precorrin-3

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cobalt-precorrin-7

cobalt-precorrin-8

cobalt-precorrin-6B

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-6A

cobalt-precorrin-4

cobalt-precorrin-5A

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

protoheme

hydrogen cyanide

uroporphyrinogen-III

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

oxygen

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

superoxide

monodehydroascorbate radical

chloramphenicol 3-acetate

dimethyl sulfide

methionol

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

glutathione

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

L-cysteate

3-sulfopyruvate

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

trimethyl sulfonium

hydrogencarbonate

phosphonate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

Na⁺

ammonium

Zn²⁺

Cu²⁺

Cd²⁺

Fe²⁺

Mg²⁺

Ca²⁺

Mn²⁺

Co²⁺

2-iminopropanoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

spermidine

putrescine

ferrichrome

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoserine

glycerophosphoglycerol

5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine

5-fluoro-5-deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5'-chloro-5'-deoxyadenosine

5-chloro-5-deoxyribose 1-phosphate

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

nicotinamide

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetate

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

(3S)-citryl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

FMNH₂

FMN

FAD

(S)-NADHX

(R)-NADHX

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

nicotinate

thiamine

riboflavin

L-ascorbate

all-trans-retinol

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

sirohydrochlorin

reduced riboflavin

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropteroate

guanine

adenine

2'-deoxyinosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

2'-deoxyguanosine

guanosine

inosine

xanthosine

adenosine

hypoxanthine

dGTP

dATP

dGDP

dADP

GDP

ADP

GMP

AMP

IMP

XMP

GTP

ATP

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

formylaminopyrimidine

dUDP

dTDP

dUTP

dCTP

dTTP

aminomethylpyrimidine

UTP

dCMP

dCDP

UDP

CDP

orotate

dTMP

dUMP

CTP

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

cytosine

uracil

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-quinovosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-fucosamine

UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-α-D-xylo-hex-4-ulose

UDP-2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-β-L-arabino-hex-4-ulose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

5-fluorouracil

cytidine

uridine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

thymine

CMP

UMP

preQ₁

coumarin

scopoletin

4-methylumbelliferone

preQ₀

neolinustatin

lotaustralin

linustatin

linamarin

taxiphyllin

2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile

(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanenitrile

urate

4-vinylguaiacol

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

4-tyrosol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

phenylacetaldehyde

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

hydroquinone

4-methylphenol

protocatechuate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

ferulate

coumarinate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

L-serine

L-glutamine

glycine

L-leucine

L-alanine

L-proline

D-glutamate

L-glutamate

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-aspartate

L-cysteine

L-tyrosine

L-threonine

L-phenylalanine

D-aspartate

D-ornithine

D-proline

D-alanine

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

3-phospho-L-serine

L-citrulline

L-valine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-ornithine

L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-methionine

chorismate

succinate

fumarate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

pyruvate

acetate

formate

butanoate

3-oxoadipate

palmitate

D-mannonate

D-gluconate

D-tagaturonate

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

2-oxobutanoate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

2-oxoglutarate

methylglyoxal

glycolaldehyde

butan-1-al

isobutanal

1-propanal

acetaldehyde

(R)-lactaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

phytenal

L-glyceraldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

α-L-rhamnopyranose

β-L-rhamnopyranose

aldehydo-D-ribose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-ribofuranose

butan-1-ol

propan-1-ol

ethanol

methanol

phytol

glycerol

galactitol

(3R)-linalool

(3S)-linalool

ethylene glycol

(R)-propane-1,2-diol

(S)-propane-1,2-diol

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 2-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 6-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 5-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 4-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate

XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

raffinose

maltotriose

stachyose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

maltohexaose

maltopentaose

α-maltose

allolactose

melibiose

sucrose

α-lactose

β-D-cellobiose

keto-D-fructose

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

β-D-fructofuranose

keto-L-rhamnulose

2'-deoxyribose

D-xylulose

D-ribulose

L-ribulose

3'-ketolactose

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

β-D-cellobiose 6'-phosphate

α-lactose 6'-phosphate

GDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannose

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

arbutin-6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

L-idonate

D-altronate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

cyclic-AMP

5'-deoxyadenosine

adenylo-succinate

pppGpp

ppGpp

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

5-fluorocytosine

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

2-iminosuccinate