an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

CO₂

orotidine 5'-phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

H₂O

N-Formyl-L-kynurenine

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(R)-mevalonate

phosphoenolpyruvate

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

5-aminolevulinate

porphobilinogen

preuroporphyrinogen

oxaloacetate

2-oxoadipate

urea

hydroxypyruvate

2-oxovalerate

3-ethylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

2-isopropylmaleate

(R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol

(R)-1-amino-2-propanol O-2-phosphate

α-ribazole 5'-phosphate

α-ribazole

2-dehydropantoate

5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate

hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide

hydrogenobyrinate

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

adenosine 5'-phosphoselenate

tartronate semialdehyde

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-5-oxohexanedioate

5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate

thiamine diphosphate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

(E)-4-coumaroyl-CoA

3S-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-propanoyl-CoA

2,3-didehydroadipyl-CoA

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

isopentenyl diphosphate

citrate

shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate

3-dehydroshikimate

3-dehydroquinate

prephenate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

xanthine

4-acetamidobutanoate

4-acetamidobutanal

N²-succinylglutamate

N²-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

arsenite

N²-acetyl-α-aminoadipate

glycerone phosphate

hexulose 6-phosphate

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

O-acetyl-L-serine

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

carbon monoxide

creatinine

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

quinolinate

4'-phosphopantetheine

hydrogen selenide

propionamide

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

4-guanidinobutanoate

4-guanidinobutyramide

acrylate

acrylamide

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxo-propanoyl-CoA

ethanolamine

nigerose

(2R,3S)-2,3-dimethylmalate

oxalosuccinate

2-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyphenylpropanoyl-CoA

(E)-2-benzylidenesuccinyl-CoA

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

succinate semialdehyde

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-aminobutanoate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

3-oxopropanoate

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-deoxy-α-ribose 1-phosphate

1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate

5-oxo-L-proline

isopentenyl phosphate

(R)-pantothenate

N-acetylglutamyl-phosphate

N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

L-canavanine

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

hydrogen peroxide

(S)-dihydroorotate

oxalate

imidazole acetol-phosphate

D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate

histidinol

histidinal

L-histidinol phosphate

prenyl diphosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

coproporphyrinogen III

3-hydroxypropanoate

H₂

5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

dialurate

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

autoinducer 2

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

citraconate

(2R,3S)-3-methylmalate

L-gulono-1,4-lactone

L-xylo-hex-3-ulono-1,4-lactone

α-D-galacturonate 1-phosphate

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

cyclic-2,3-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

dehydroascorbate (bicyclic form)

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

cyclic- 3,4-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

2,3-dioxo-L-gulonate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

2-carboxy-L-xylonolactone

2-carboxy-L-threo-pentonate

L-dehydro-ascorbate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

2-octaprenylphenol

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

(R)-citramalate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

Hg⁰

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

uroporphyrinogen-I

siroheme

protoheme

nitrous oxide

hydrogen cyanide

cob(I)alamin

adenosylcobalamin

adenosylcobinamide

cob(I)inamide

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

cob(I)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobyrate

adenosyl-cobinamide phosphate

adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate

adenosylcobinamide-GDP

cobalt-factor III

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin

cobalt-precorrin-3

cobalt-precorrin-2

cobalt-precorrin-4

cobalt-precorrin-5B

cobalt-precorrin-5A

cob(II)yrinate a,c-diamide

cobyrinate

cobalt-precorrin-6A

cobalt-precorrin-6B

cobalt-precorrin-8

cobalt-precorrin-7

cob(II)yrinate c-monoamide

L-cysteinylglycine

2-iminobutanoate

L-homocysteine

4-methylphenol

hypoglycin B

L-kynurenine

L-2-aminoadipate

L-arginine

L-histidine

L-glutamate

L-glutamine

glycine

L-serine

L-leucine

L-proline

creatine

β-alanine

L-tryptophan

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-phenylalanine

L-selenocysteine

L-methionine

L-cysteine

L-aspartate

L-asparagine

L-tyrosine

L-threonine

L-ornithine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-cystathionine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

N-acetyl-L-ornithine

N-acetyl-L-citrulline

L-citrulline

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

hypoglycin A

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-selenomethionine

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-saccharopine

3-phospho-L-serine

N-acetyl-L-glutamate

D-proline

AMP

ATP

ADP

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

XMP

IMP

GMP

dADP

GDP

dGDP

GTP

hypoxanthine

dATP

dGTP

ITP

IDP

dITP

dIDP

5'-deoxyadenosine

cyclic-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-AMP

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-ATP

adenylo-succinate

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

dGMP

dAMP

NAD⁺

NADP⁺

NADH

NADPH

GDP-α-D-mannose

GDP-α-D-mannuronate

GDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-α-D-galacturonate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

adenine

uracil

thymine

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

dCMP

dUMP

dTMP

dCDP

dUDP

dTDP

dUTP

dCTP

dTTP

CDP

UDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

CTP

UTP

UMP

CMP

2'-deoxyuridine

2'-deoxycytidine

thymidine

guanosine

adenosine

xanthosine

inosine

cytidine

uridine

D-gluconate

L-gulonate

aldehydo-L-galactonate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

α,α-trehalose 6-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

glycerol

β-D-fructofuranose

D-glyceraldehyde

glycolaldehyde

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

maltotriose

sucrose

α-maltose

α,α-trehalose

maltohexaose

maltotetraose

maltopentaose

maltoheptaose

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

salicylaldehyde

phytyl diphosphate

apo-4'-lycopenal

apo-4'-lycopenoate

4-cis-undecenoyl-CoA

6-cis, 3-oxo-tridecenoyl-CoA

4-trans-undecenoyl-CoA

6-trans-3-oxo-tridecenoyl-CoA

2-trans-nonenoyl-CoA

4-trans-3-oxo-undecenoyl-CoA

(3Z,5E)-dodeca-3,5-dienoyl-CoA

5-cis, 7-trans-3-oxo-tetradecadienoyl-CoA

(3E)-dec-3-enoyl-CoA

(5E)-3-oxo-dodec-5-enoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy-nonanoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy, 4-trans-undecenoyl-CoA

2-trans, 4-trans-undecadienoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy, 6-trans-tridecenoyl-CoA

2-trans-6-trans-tridecadienoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy-undecanoyl-CoA

(3E)-undec-2-enoyl-CoA

(3R)-hydroxy, 6-cis-tridecenoyl-CoA

2-trans,6-cis-tridecadienoyl-CoA

α, α'-trehalose 6-α-mycolate

6-O-α-mycolyl-trehalose 6-phosphate

trehalose-cis-methoxy-mono-mycolate

6-O-cis-methoxy-mycolyl-trehalose 6-phosphate

trehalose-trans-methoxy-mono-mycolate

6-O-trans-methoxy-mycolyl-trehalose 6-phosphate

trehalose-cis-keto-mono-mycolate

6-O-cis-keto-mycolyl-trehalose 6-phosphate

trehalose-trans-keto-mono-mycolate

6-O-trans-keto-mycolyl-trehalose 6-phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

geranylgeranyl diphosphate

all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate

3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-heptaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

3-nonaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

(R)-lactaldehyde

1-octanal

acetaldehyde

formaldehyde

benzaldehyde

menadione

caldariellaquinone

diacetyl

a coenzyme-A group

(3E,5R)-5-carboxy-2-oxohept-3-enedioate

pyruvate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

benzoate

acetate

orotate

(R)-pantoate

aldehydo-D-glucuronate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

octanoate

formate

propanoate

(R)-lactate

4-hydroxybutanoate

cis-aconitate

cis-2-methylaconitate

(2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate

(2R)-homocitrate

cis-homoaconitate

(1R,2S)-homoisocitrate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

urate

2-[(1R,6S)-1,6-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl]acetyl-coA

4-hydroxybenzoate

2-amino-5-formylamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

menadiol

caldariellaquinol

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

(indole-3-yl)acetonitrile

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate

6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 2'-phosphate

molybdopterin

cyclic pyranopterin phosphate

molybdopterin adenine dinucleotide

guanylyl molybdenum cofactor

cytidylyl molybdenum cofactor

MoO₂-molybdopterin cofactor

7,8-dihydropteroate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

FAD

FMN

riboflavin

FMNH₂

FADH₂

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

sirohydrochlorin

precorrin-4

precorrin-3B

precorrin-5

precorrin-7

precorrin-6B

precorrin-1

precorrin-2

precorrin-8x

nicotinamide

nicotinate

L-ascorbate

coenzyme A

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

L-galactono-1,4-lactone

acetyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

vinylacetyl-CoA

methylacrylyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-octa-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyoctanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-hexa-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxyhexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(E-buta-2-enoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3R-hydroxybutanoyl)-CoA

(3S)-hydroxyadipyl-CoA

(E)-2-methylcrotonoyl-CoA

(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

3-hydroxyisovaleryl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxooctanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-hexanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxohexanoyl)-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-butanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-2-(cis-2'-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-(3-oxobutanoyl)-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA

(2E,5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoA

oxalyl-CoA

formyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

acryloyl-CoA

3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(2R,3S)-β-methylmalyl-CoA

3-methylfumaryl-CoA

2-methylfumaryl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-isobutanoyl-CoA

3-oxo-myristoyl-CoA

3-oxo-(5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoA

3-oxohexanoyl-CoA

3-oxodecanoyl-CoA

3-oxododecanoyl-CoA

3-oxooctanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

octanoyl-CoA

lauroyl-CoA

decanoyl-CoA

hexanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-(5Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxyoctanoyl-CoA

(3Z)-dodec-3-enoyl-CoA

(3S)-citramalyl-CoA

(2E)-dec-2-enoyl-CoA

(2E)-oct-2-enoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(indol-3-yl)acetate

3,22-dioxochol-4-en-24-oyl-CoA

3-oxo-4-pregnene-20-carboxyl-CoA

phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-phosphate

1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

acetamide

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoserine

glycerophosphoglycerol

agmatine

putrescine

spermidine

dehydrospermidine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

trimethyl sulfonium

sulfate

sulfite

selenate

thiosulfate

nitrite

nitrate

hydrogensulfite

hydrogencarbonate

molybdate

tetrathionate

superoxide

phosphate

diphosphate

triphosphate

Na⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Co²⁺

Fe²⁺

Hg²⁺

dimethyl sulfide

glutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

thiocyanate

nitric oxide

monodehydroascorbate radical