an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

(lipoyl)adenylate

carbonic acid

dihydroxyacetone

4-aminobutanoate

3-oxopropanoate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(indol-3-yl)acetamide

4-guanidinobutanoate

4-guanidinobutyramide

propionamide

acrylate

acrylamide

4-pyridoxolactone

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

7-epicholate

carbon monoxide

H₂

citrate

oxalosuccinate

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

5-ureidoimidazole-4-carboxylate

5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxylate

4-aminoimidazole

3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

quinolinate

pseudouridine

oxalate

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

thiamine phosphate

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

CO₂

carbamoyl phosphate

H₂O

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

oxaloacetate

3-dehydroshikimate

shikimate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

phosphoenolpyruvate

3-dehydroquinate

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

shikimate 3-phosphate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

CDP-glycerol

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

glutathione disulfide

hydroxypyruvate

succinate semialdehyde

3-hydroxypropanal

1,3-propanediol

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

(R)-mevalonate

isopentenyl diphosphate

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

prenyl diphosphate

lipoamide

dihydrolipoamide

3-keto-β-D-galactose

aminoacetone

cyclopentanone

cyclopentanol

S-acetyldihydrolipoamide

thiamine diphosphate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

4'-phosphopantetheine

L-selenocystathionine

hydrogen peroxide

acetyl phosphate

glycolate

glycerone phosphate

2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate

2-keto-D-gluconate

2-dehydropantoate

γ-L-glutamyl 5-phosphate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA

4-(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyryl-CoA

2-succinylbenzoate

indole-3-ethanol

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

autoinducer 2

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

(S)-2-acetolactate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylate

isochorismate

(1R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-succinylcyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate

2-phosphoglycolate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

xanthine

tartronate semialdehyde

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

L-arginino-succinate

canavaninosuccinate

O-ureido-L-homoserine

L-canavanine

3-phosphooxypyruvate

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

indole-3-glycol

2-methylbutanal

2-methylbutanol

isobutanol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

5-hydroxytryptophol

3-methylbutanal

3-methylbutanol

2-phenylethanol

(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate

2-oxopent-4-enoate

5-methylcytosine

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

2-iminoacetate

(2S,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate

1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate

β-D-ribosylnicotinate

DNA without lesion

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

ethanolamine

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

2-oleoylglycerol

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

poly (glycerol phosphate)

α-D-galactosyl-diphosphoundecaprenol

4-deoxy-4-formamido-α-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate

UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-β-L-arabinopyranose

β-D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

glycine betaine

choline

putrescine

spermidine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

dimethyl sulfide

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

methionol

glutathione

thiocyanate

methanethiol

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

4-methyl-5-(2-phosphooxyethyl)thiazole

5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole

2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate

2-(2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5-yl)ethyl phosphate

trimethyl sulfonium

sulfite

thiosulfate

nitrate

hydrogensulfite

hydrogencarbonate

phosphonate

phosphate

diphosphate

K⁺

Na⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Ca²⁺

Cd²⁺

Cu²⁺

Mn²⁺

4-methylphenol

hippurate

L-homocysteine

nicotinate

nicotinamide

thiamine

riboflavin

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

pyridoxal

L-carnitine

FAD

FMN

FMNH₂

NADPH

NADH

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

demethylmenaquinol-8

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

(R)-lipoate

coenzyme A

preQ₀

hydrogen cyanide

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

N-acetyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

(2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

(R)-glycerate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

adenosylcobyrate

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

DNA with lesion

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

D-aspartate

D-alanine

D-glutamate

D-serine

L-phenylalanine

L-tyrosine

L-histidine

L-cysteine

L-glutamine

glycine

L-asparagine

L-threonine

L-serine

L-lysine

L-arginine

L-aspartate

L-glutamate

L-alanine

L-proline

L-leucine

β-alanine

L-citrulline

L-valine

L-isoleucine

L-methionine

L-cystine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-ornithine

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

seleno-L-homocysteine

L-selenomethionine

N-formimino-glycine

3-phospho-L-serine

O-acetyl-L-homoserine

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

5'-deoxyadenosine

ADP

ATP

adenylo-succinate

pppGpp

GTP

ppGpp

GDP

GMP

XMP

dATP

dGTP

dAMP

2'-deoxyadenosine

dGDP

dADP

dGMP

2'-deoxyguanosine

IMP

AMP

hypoxanthine

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

UDP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-glucose

ADP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

ADP-D-ribose

GDP-α-D-mannose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

5-fluorouracil

xanthosine

guanosine

adenosine

inosine

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

uridine

cytidine

5-fluorocytosine

preQ₁

purine

adenine

guanine

uracil

thymine

cytosine

uridine 3'-monophosphate

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

dCDP

dTDP

dUDP

dTTP

dUTP

dCTP

dUMP

dCMP

dTMP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

UMP

CMP

UDP

CDP

CTP

UTP

7,8-dihydrolumazine

(7,8-dihydropterin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate

7,8-dihydropterin

7,8-dihydropteroate

reduced riboflavin

formylaminopyrimidine

aminomethylpyrimidine

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

urate

6,8-dihydroxypurine

8-hydroxypurine

4-tyrosol

protocatechuate

2,3-dihydroxybenzoate

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

4-aminobenzoate

benzoate

(indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

phenylacetaldehyde

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

geranyl diphosphate

all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

phosphatidylglycerophosphate (1-octadecenoyl(9Z), 2-palmitoyl)

1-oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

dioleoyl phosphatidate

formyl-CoA

oxalyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

D-gluconate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

maltotriose

sucrose

melibiose

α-lactose

maltotetraose

raffinose

stachyose

XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

glycerol

galactitol

glycolaldehyde

L-glyceraldehyde

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribopyranose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

α-D-glucopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-galactopyranose

D-xylulose

D-ribulose

L-ribulose

β-D-fructofuranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

3'-ketolactose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-(glycyl)₅-D-alanyl-D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

α,α-trehalose 6-phosphate

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

L-ribulose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

methylglyoxal

(R)-acetoin

diacetyl

butan-1-al

acetaldehyde

isobutanal

1-propanal

phytenal

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

sophorosyloxydocosanoate

13-[O(2')-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]docosanoate O(6'')-acetate

13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate

pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

4-(methylsulfanyl)-2-oxobutanoate

2-oxobutanoate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

3-oxoadipate

acetate

formate

propanoate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

(4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate

(R)-pantoate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

acetamide

(indol-3-yl)acetate

3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate

cholate

glycocholate

isocholate

3-dehydrocholate

butan-1-ol

ethanol

propan-1-ol

phytol

ethylene glycol

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 4-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 2-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 6-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 5-monophosphate

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine