an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

urea

acetyl phosphate

H₂O

thiamine phosphate

3-dehydroshikimate

shikimate

(2S)-2-isopropylmalate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

methylsalicylate

salicyl alcohol

preuroporphyrinogen

porphobilinogen

5-oxo-L-proline

isopentenyl diphosphate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

DNA without lesion

oxaloacetate

shikimate 3-phosphate

3-dehydroquinate

3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate

ethanolamine

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate

CO₂

coproporphyrinogen III

adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate

3-deoxy-α-D-manno-2-octulosonate

3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate

acetoacetate

4-fumaryl-acetoacetate

phosphoenolpyruvate

anthranilate

N-(5-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate

7,8-diaminopelargonate

(S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate

8-amino-7-oxononanoate

S-adenosyl-4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate

5-aminolevulinate

(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

estrone 3-sulfate

3-β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one 3-sulfate

glutathione disulfide

hydrogen peroxide

2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate

(lipoyl)adenylate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(S)-2-acetolactate

5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil

2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

1-deoxy-L-glycero-tetrulose 4-phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

prephenate

orotidine 5'-phosphate

lipid IV_A

arsenite

thiamine diphosphate

2-(α-hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

quinolinate

glycerone phosphate

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

aminoacetone

4-pyridoxolactone

1-piperideine 6-carboxylate

cyclic-2,3-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

dehydroascorbate (bicyclic form)

ammonia

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate

carbonic acid

4'-phosphopantetheine

cyclic- 3,4-O-oxalyl-L-threonate

2,3-dioxo-L-gulonate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

2-carboxy-L-xylonolactone

2-carboxy-L-threo-pentonate

4-phosphooxy-L-threonine

(3R)-3-hydroxy-2-oxo-4 phosphooxybutanoate

3-phosphooxypyruvate

4-acetamidobutanoate

4-acetamidobutanal

N²-succinylglutamate

N²-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

phosphonoacetate

glycolate

itaconate

2-phosphoglycolate

S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine

S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

5-deoxy-α-ribose 1-phosphate

S-methyl-5-thio-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

5-(methylsulfanyl)-α-D-ribose

4-aminobutanoate

lipid A disaccharide (E. coli)

citrate

(L-threonylcarbamoyl)adenylate

succinate semialdehyde

oxalosuccinate

lipid X

autoinducer 2

5-enolpyruvoyl-shikimate 3-phosphate

N²-succinyl-L-arginine

N²-succinyl-L-ornithine

3-amino-1-hydroxyacetone 1-phosphate

(2S)-2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphooxybutanoate

homogentisate

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

5-formyl-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-4-carboxylate

3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate

3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-5-carboxylate

(2Z)-2-(acetamidomethylene)succinate

2-amino-3-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

L-arginino-succinate

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil

5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil

dethiobiotin

4-maleyl-acetoacetate

3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

7-epicholate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

(2S)-2-isopropyl-3-oxosuccinate

2-isopropylmaleate

(2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate

α-D-galacturonate 1-phosphate

L-gulono-1,4-lactone

L-xylo-hex-3-ulono-1,4-lactone

L-dehydro-ascorbate

cyanophycin primer

cyanophycin primer-L-aspartate

L-cysteinylglycine

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine amide

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine

2-iminosuccinate

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminopropanoate

L-alanine

glycine

L-phenylalanine

L-leucine

L-proline

L-tryptophan

L-selenocysteine

L-methionine

L-isoleucine

L-cysteine

L-lysine

L-glutamate

L-glutamine

L-aspartate

L-serine

L-asparagine

L-threonine

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

L-cystathionine

L-arginine

L-tyrosine

L-ornithine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

L-citrulline

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

L-homocysteine

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate

3-phospho-L-serine

D-alanine

D-glutamate

AMP

ATP

ADP

GDP

adenylo-succinate

IMP

GTP

GMP

hypoxanthine

5'-deoxyadenosine

XMP

8-oxo-dGMP

8-oxo-dGTP

ppGpp

pppGpp

isoguanine

dGDP

dADP

IDP

ITP

dITP

dIDP

dGTP

dATP

2'-deoxyguanosine

2'-deoxyadenosine

dGMP

dAMP

8-oxo-GMP

8-oxo-GTP

dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-α-D-glucopyranose

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannuronate

GDP-α-D-mannose

2-phospho-4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol

dTDP-α-D-glucose

dTDP-4-dehydro-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-β-L-rhamnose

dTDP-4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-α-D-galactose

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-α-D-glucuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-α-D-galacturonate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

CMP-3-deoxy-β-D-manno-octulosonate

guanine

adenine

uracil

thymine

dUMP

dTMP

dCMP

dCDP

dUDP

dTDP

dUTP

dCTP

dTTP

UDP

CDP

2-methylsulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

2-sulfanyl-N⁶-dimethylallyladenosine³⁷ in tRNA

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

CTP

UTP

CMP

UMP

5-hydroxy-CTP

2-hydroxy-dATP

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

2'-deoxycytidine

guanosine

cytidine

uridine

aldehydo-L-galactonate

L-gulonate

1-(β-D ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide

D-galactosylononitol

galactinol

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

1-(o-carboxyphenylamino)-1'-deoxyribulose 5'-phosphate

4-phospho-D-erythronate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

2-deoxy-α-D-ribose 1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

β-D-fructofuranose

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

D-glyceraldehyde

glycerol

maltotriose

α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid IV_A

α-Kdo-(2->4)-α-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IV_A

sucrose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltotetraose

maltoheptaose

aldehydo-D-galacturonate

salicylaldehyde

all-trans-retinol

all-trans-retinyl palmitate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

geranyl diphosphate

apo-4'-lycopenal

apo-4'-lycopenoate

betanidin quinone

betanidin

3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

myo-inositol

1D-myo-inositol 2-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 1-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 6-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 5-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 4-monophosphate

1D-myo-inositol 3-monophosphate

D-ononitol

catechol

ethanol

methanol

methylglyoxal

benzaldehyde

(S)-lactaldehyde

formaldehyde

acetaldehyde

1-octanal

menadione

diacetyl

pyruvate

2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutanoate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate

salicylate

4-aminobenzoate

benzoate

acetate

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

aldehydo-D-glucuronate

palmitate

octanoate

linoleate

oleate

γ-linolenate

formate

(S)-lactate

(R)-lactate

cis-aconitate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-one-carboxylate

salicyl-6-hydroxy-2-cyclohexene-on-oyl

4-hydroxybenzoate

6,7-dehydrobaicalein

baicalein

2-[hydroperoxy(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-6-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-3-one

6-hydroxy-2-[hydroxy-(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1-benzofuran-3-one

6-hydroxy-2-(6-oxo-1-oxaspiro[2.5]octa-4,7-dien-2-yl)-1-benzofuran-3-one

phenol

menadiol

2-methoxy-6-all trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-octaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol

3-demethylubiquinol-8

ubiquinol-8

indole

(1S,2R)-1-C-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

N¹⁰-formyldihydrofolate

riboflavin

FAD

FMN

6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine

thiamine

L-ascorbate

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

4-pyridoxate

coenzyme A

(R)-lipoate

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

L-galactono-1,4-lactone

acetyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

malonyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

itaconyl-CoA

succinyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

estrone

(indol-3-yl)acetate

methyl (indol-3-yl)acetate

3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate

3-β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one

cholate

glycocholate

isocholate

3-dehydrocholate

2-chloroacetate

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

glycerophosphoserine

glycerophosphoglycerol

spermidine

putrescine

cadaverine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

OH^-

hydrogencarbonate

selenide

superoxide

sulfate

chloride

phosphate

diphosphate

Fe³⁺

H⁺

ammonium

Fe²⁺

S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

glutathione

(R)-S-lactoylglutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

monodehydroascorbate radical

hydroxyl radical

2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol

2-octaprenylphenol

3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

dTDP-4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-α-D-galactose

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

oxygen

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

uroporphyrinogen-III

coproporphyrinogen I

uroporphyrinogen-I

protoheme

DNA with lesion

(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal