an oxidized electron donor

a reduced electron donor

a deaminated amino group acceptor

an aminated amino group acceptor

Charged-LEU-tRNAs

LEU-tRNAs

a 2-oxo acid

an amino acid

an acyl-CoA

a carboxylate

an oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

a reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster

NAD(P)H

NAD(P)+

an L-tyrosyl-[tRNAtyr]

a tRNAtyr

(2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde

4α,14α-dimethyl-porifersta-8,25(27)-dienol

2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7-(phosphooxy)heptanoate

4-methylcyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA

isoshowacene

2-hydroxyhexadecanal

16-sinapoyloxypalmitate

3-methylquinolin-2-ol

(22R)-hydroxycholesterol

N-(2-methylpropyl)hydroxylamine

chloroeremomycin

3-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate

2',3',4'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2',3'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

2'-O-methyl-rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tetracyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

rhamnosyl tricyclic spinosyn pseudoaglycone

spinosyn tricyclic macrolactone

11-dehydro-15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

15-oxo spinosyn macrolactone

spinosyn macrolactone

diethylamine N-oxide

triethylamine N-oxide

UDP-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-ribo-hex-3-uluronate

nitroxyl

trans,octacis-decaprenylphospho-β-D-arabinofuranose

1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one

2-phenylethyl β-D-glucopyranoside

formyl hopane

ribosyl hopane

adenosyl hopane

(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate

(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

(2Z)-2,4-dihydroxypent-2-enoate

(2E,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA

(3R,5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxydocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxodocosapentaenoyl-CoA

(+)-3'-hydroxylarreatricin

(+)-larreatricin

2-trans,4-trans-xanthoxin

6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone

oxalate

xanthine

indole-3-ethanol

4-amino-4-deoxychorismate

pyrazine-2-carboxylate

arsenite

(2Z,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoyl-CoA

(R)-mevalonate diphosphate

(R)-5-phosphomevalonate

autoinducer 2

DNA without lesion

N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

(S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate

α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminyldiphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol

2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-muramate

N-succinyl-L,L-2,6-diaminopimelate

H₂

oxalosuccinate

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

(2R,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

(R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate

(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine

N⁵-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide

acetoacetate

carbon monoxide

4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinemethanol

3α,12α-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

7-epicholate

pseudouridine

mercuriphenyl acetate

quinolinate

L-arginino-succinate

ammonia

5-hydroxyindole thiazolidine carboxylate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,4-dihydroxydihydrofuran-3-one

enol-phenylpyruvate

(2S,4S)-2-methyl-2,3,3,4-tetrahydroxytetrahydrofuran

H₂O

hydrogen peroxide

CO₂

acetyl phosphate

D-gluconate 6-phosphate

O-D-alanyl-poly(ribitol phosphate)

poly(ribitol phosphate)

5'-phosphoribosyl-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-5-aminoimidazole

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(diphosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate

glycerone phosphate

dihydroxyacetone

N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 6-phosphate

D-galactosamine-6-phosphate

N-acetyl-D-muramate 6-phosphate

salicyl alcohol

oxaloacetate

(R)-4'-phosphopantothenate

(R)-pantothenate

succinate semialdehyde

urea

L-canavanine

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)imidazole

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate

2-(formamido)-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)acetamidine

N²-formyl-N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

5-phospho-β-D-ribosylamine

N¹-(5-phospho-β-D-ribosyl)glycinamide

3-keto-β-D-galactose

orotidine 5'-phosphate

carbamoyl phosphate

(S)-dihydroorotate

4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside

4-hydroxybenzaldehyde

scopolin

cis-coumarinic acid-β-D-glucoside

(S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate

isopentenyl diphosphate

2'-(5''-triphospho-α-D-ribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA

O-acetyl-L-serine

hydrogen selenide

prenyl diphosphate

pseudouridine 5'-phosphate

5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

5-hydroxytryptophol

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

indole-3-glycol aldehyde

indole-3-glycol

isobutanol

3-methylbutanal

3-methylbutanol

2-methylbutanal

2-methylbutanol

2-phenylethanol

glutathione disulfide

phosphoenolpyruvate

L-selenocystathionine

3-phosphooxypyruvate

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine-1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-muramate

glycolate

citrate

4'-phosphopantetheine

S-ribosyl-L-homocysteine

(R)-mevalonate

nicotinate adenine dinucleotide

β-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide

CDP-glycerol

ethanolamine

(4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate

(+)-7-epi-jasmonate

3α,7α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oate

3α,7α,12β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oate

isocholate

3-dehydrocholate

cholate

glycocholate

nicotinamide

5-formamido-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-imidazole-4-carboxamide

pyrazinamide

5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide

5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxyamide

glycerophosphoglycerol

glycerophosphoserine

sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

putrescine

(2Z)-2-aminobut-2-enoate

2-aminoprop-2-enoate

2-iminopropanoate

α-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate

(R)-glycerate

3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate

3-phospho-D-glycerate

2-phospho-D-glycerate

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

oxygen

hydrogen sulfide

Hg⁰

protoporphyrin IX

protoporphyrinogen IX

hydrogen cyanide

adenosylcobyrate

adenosyl-cob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide

adenosylcobalamin

cob(I)alamin

Na⁺

ammonium

H⁺

K⁺

Cu²⁺

Cd²⁺

Hg²⁺

trimethyl sulfonium

hydrogencarbonate

thiosulfate

phosphate

triphosphate

diphosphate

ethylphosphate

dimethyl sulfide

3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal

methionol

S-methyl-L-methionine

glutathione

3-sulfopyruvate

L-cysteate

DNA with lesion

5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

1-oleoyl-2-lyso-glycerone phosphate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteinylglycine

L-homocysteine

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine amide

N-acetyl-L-glutaminyl-L-glutamine

L-alanyl-D-glutamate

glycyl-L-methionine

L-alanyl-L-aspartate

L-alanyl-L-glutamine

L-alanyl-glycine

L-alanyl-L-histidine

L-alanyl-L-leucine

L-alanyl-L-threonine

L-alanyl-L-glutamate

glycyl-L-asparagine

glycyl-L-glutamine

glycyl-L-glutamate

glycyl-L-aspartate

glycyl-L-proline

L-cysteinylglycine

D-alanyl-D-alanine

L-methionyl-L-alanine dipeptide

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate

L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

2-iminobutanoate

2-iminosuccinate

L-α-amino-ε-keto-pimelate

L-aspartyl-4-phosphate

seleno-L-homocysteine

N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate

3-phospho-L-serine

D-alanine

D-aspartate

D-glutamate

L-tyrosine

L-histidine

L-phenylalanine

L-cysteine

L-asparagine

glycine

L-glutamine

L-threonine

L-serine

L-aspartate

L-glutamate

L-arginine

L-lysine

L-proline

L-alanine

L-leucine

L-isoleucine

L-valine

L-selenocysteine

L-methionine

L-ornithine

L-cystathionine

L,L-diaminopimelate

L-citrulline

L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde

S-adenosyl-L-methionine

L-canaline

S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

S-sulfo-L-cysteine

O-succinyl-L-homoserine

L-homoserine

O-phospho-L-homoserine

L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde

meso-diaminopimelate

S-(4-hydroxy-nonenal-3-yl)-L-cysteine

XMP

adenosine 3'-monophosphate

adenosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

guanosine 3'-monophosphate

guanosine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

5'-deoxyadenosine

ADP

dGMP

2'-deoxyguanosine

ATP

dAMP

2'-deoxyadenosine

AMP

GMP

IMP

GDP

adenylo-succinate

GTP

dADP

dGDP

2'-deoxyinosine

dATP

dGTP

ppGpp

pppGpp

ADP-α-D-glucose

GDP-α-D-mannose

NADP⁺

NAD⁺

NADPH

NADH

UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate

UDP-α-D-galactofuranose

UDP-α-D-galactose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

UDP-α-D-glucose

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine-enolpyruvate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-mannosaminuronate

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

UDP-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

adenine

uracil

cytidine-3'-monophosphate

uridine 3'-monophosphate

cytidine 2',3'-cyclic monophosphate

uridine 2'3'-cyclic monophosphate

dCMP

dTMP

dUMP

dTDP

dCDP

dUDP

dCTP

dUTP

dTTP

CDP

UDP

β-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide

UTP

CTP

UMP

CMP

2'-deoxycytidine

2'-deoxyuridine

thymidine

xanthosine

inosine

adenosine

cytidine

uridine

D-gluconate

L-gulonate

XXXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

β-D-cellobiose

maltotriose

sucrose

melibiose

α-maltose

α-lactose

maltotetraose

maltopentaose

maltohexaose

maltoheptaose

stachyose

raffinose

XXLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLXG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

XLLG xyloglucan oligosaccharide

3'-ketolactose

decaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide

1-O-acetyl-α-maltose

D-galactosylononitol

galactinol

lotaustralin

arbutin-6-phosphate

salicin 6-phosphate

methyl β-D-glucoside 6-phosphate

taxiphyllin

linamarin

linustatin

neolinustatin

sucrose 6^F-phosphate

N,N'-diacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

N-monoacetylchitobiose 6'-phosphate

α-lactose 6'-phosphate

β-D-cellobiose 6'-phosphate

undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faeciums)

a peptidoglycan dimer (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan dimer (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan dimer (E. faecium, tetrapeptide)

decaprenyl-pyrophosphoryl-(N-acetylglucosamine)-N-acetylmuramyl-(pentapeptide)

undecaprenyl-diphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl- D-alanine

GlcNAc-1,6-anhMurNAc-L-Ala-γ-D-Glu-DAP-D-Ala

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(β-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-[(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)-(1,4)-]-N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-γ-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan dimer (meso-diaminopimelate containing)

a peptidoglycan with L,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-links (mycobacteria)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with a D,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

a peptidoglycan with D,D cross-link (S. aureus)

a peptidoglycan tetramer with an L,D cross-link (Enterococcus faecium)

5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

D-erythrose 4-phosphate

L-fuculose 1-phosphate

α-D-mannose 1-phosphate

α-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 1-phosphate

N-acetyl-α-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

β-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

α-D-galactose 6-phosphate

β-D-galactose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate

D-tagatofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate

D-fructose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-glucose 6-phosphate

α-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

β-D-mannopyranose 6-phosphate

α-D-ribose-1-phosphate

1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

D-xylulose 5-phosphate

aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate

β-D-ribose 5-phosphate

α-D-ribose 5-phosphate

D-ribulose 5-phosphate

D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

glycerol

D-mannitol

galactitol

L-arabinitol

β-D-fructofuranose

α-L-fucopyranose

β-L-fucopyranose

N-acetylmuramate

N-acetyl-α-D-muramoyl-L-alanine(1-)

N-acetyl-α-D-mannosamine

N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine

D-glyceraldehyde

aldehydo-L-arabinose

aldehydo-D-ribose

β-D-ribopyranose

β-D-ribofuranose

α-D-ribofuranose

β-D-galactopyranose

α-D-galactopyranose

β-D-mannopyranose

β-D-glucopyranose

α-D-glucopyranose

aldehydo-D-mannose

L-fuculose

trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate

mono-trans,octa-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate

(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate

4-methylumbelliferone

coumarin

scopoletin

(3E,5Z)-tetradeca-3,5-dienoyl-CoA

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate

di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate

dioleoyl phosphatidate

1-C16:0-α,ω-dicarboxyl-2-lysophosphatidate

1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

myo-inositol

D-ononitol

hydroquinone

protocatechuate

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde

3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol

butan-1-ol

ethanol

propan-1-ol

phytol

methanol

(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde

phenylacetaldehyde

phytenal

(S)-lactaldehyde

butan-1-al

acetaldehyde

1-propanal

isobutanal

Gro-P-ManNAc-GlcNAc-PP-undecaprenol

acetate

orotate

(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

aldehydo-D-glucuronate

stearate

palmitate

butanoate

13-[O(2')-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]docosanoate O(6'')-acetate

13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate

sophorosyloxydocosanoate

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoate

(3E,5Z)-tetradecadienoate

di-homo-γ-linolenate

3-oxoadipate

pyruvate

formate

(R)-lactate

(S)-lactate

(1E,3E)-4-hydroxybuta-1,3-diene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

2-hydroxy-4-oxobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

cis-aconitate

3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate

(1E)-4-oxobut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate

D-threo-isocitrate

chorismate

(3E)-2-oxohex-3-enedioate

fumarate

succinate

(S)-malate

2-oxobutanoate

2-oxoglutarate

glyoxylate

3-phenyl-2-oxopropanoate

4-aminobenzoate

benzene

4-tyrosol

(indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde

3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol

coumarinate

(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-methylbutanenitrile

2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile

(6R)-6-pyruvoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin

7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate

tetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

5-methyltetrahydropteroyl tri-L-glutamate

10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

5,10-methylenetetrahydropteroyl mono-L-glutamate

(6S)-5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate

7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate

FMN

riboflavin

reduced riboflavin

FMNH₂

nicotinate

pyridoxine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxine

pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate

pyridoxamine

pyridoxal 5'-phosphate

pyridoxal

coenzyme A

(R)-NADHX

(S)-NADHX

D-glucono-1,5-lactone

formyl-CoA

oxalyl-CoA

(+)-7-epi-jasmonoyl-CoA

dihomo γ-linolenoyl-CoA

(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

(E)-2-methylcrotonoyl-CoA

2-methylbutanoyl-CoA

acetyl-CoA

3'-dephospho-CoA

succinyl-CoA

(3R,11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-hydroxyicosatrienoyl-CoA

(11Z,14Z,17Z)-3-oxoicosatrienoyl-CoA

(S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA

2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA

isobutanoyl-CoA

oleoyl-CoA

acetoacetyl-CoA

3-oxopentanoyl-CoA

hexadecanedioyl-CoA

palmitoyl-CoA

stearoyl-CoA

butanoyl-CoA

propanoyl-CoA

(3R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA

crotonyl-CoA